{ "name": "GenetixBay quick answers", "count": 164, "license": { "name": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/", "attribution": "GenetixBay Knowledge Base (genetixbay.com/knowledge)" }, "answers": [ { "id": "kb-answers-12-12-from-seed", "question": "Can I flower a photoperiod plant 12/12 from seed?", "phrasings": [ "12/12 from seed", "Flowering from seed", "Can I skip veg?", "Running photoperiods on 12/12 from day one" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, a photoperiod plant can be grown 12/12 from seed, but it won't flower straight away: it first has to mature, forming its first single flowers at around the 7th node, typically after 3–5 weeks. The result is a short plant with one main cola, ready in roughly 3 months. It suits low headroom or many small plants, but per plant it yields less than a vegged plant.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/12-12-from-seed.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/12-12-from-seed.md", "qa": [ "Why doesn't a seedling flower immediately on 12/12?", "Is 12/12 from seed better than autoflowers?", "Does 12/12 from seed help sex plants early?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-algae-in-reservoir", "question": "How do I stop algae in my reservoir or on my medium?", "phrasings": [ "Green algae in my reservoir", "Algae growing on top of my coco", "Is algae caused by a light leak into the res?", "How to get rid of algae in hydro" ], "topic": "diseases", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Algae in a cannabis reservoir or on the medium means light is reaching wet, nutrient-rich surfaces. Stop it by keeping light out: opaque reservoirs and lids, no gaps around net pots, covered tubing, and a dry or covered top layer on coco and rockwool. Keep the solution at 18–22 °C (64–72 °F). Scrub and disinfect between runs. Algicides and routine peroxide are not the fix.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-systems-dwc", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/algae-in-reservoir.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/algae-in-reservoir.md", "qa": [ "Is algae harmful to cannabis roots?", "Should I add hydrogen peroxide to kill algae?", "Why is my coco turning green on top?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-ammonia-smell-in-jars", "question": "Why do my curing jars smell like ammonia?", "phrasings": [ "Why does my weed smell like ammonia?", "My jar smells like pee", "Sour or musty smell during the cure", "Ammonia smell when burping jars" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "An ammonia or musty smell in a curing jar means the buds went in too wet and microbes are starting to break them down, a step before visible mould. Act at once: tip the buds out, check the cores for rot, and spread them on a screen to dry until a sealed sample reads a stable 58–65% RH. Burping more often alone won't fix it.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-curing-burping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/ammonia-smell-in-jars.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/ammonia-smell-in-jars.md", "qa": [ "Is ammonia-smelling weed safe to smoke?", "Will the ammonia smell go away?", "How do I stop jars smelling of ammonia next time?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-autoflowers-outdoors", "question": "Can I grow autoflowers outdoors?", "phrasings": [ "Growing autos outdoors", "When to plant autoflowers outside", "Can I get two autoflower harvests in one summer?", "Autoflower outdoor season", "Are autoflowers good for a short outdoor season?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes: autoflowers grow well outdoors because they flower by age, not day length, finishing about 9–14 weeks from seed. Sow straight into the final container or bed once nights stay above about 10 °C (50 °F). At mid-latitudes a late-spring sowing finishes in mid to late summer, and a second sowing by early summer can finish before autumn rain. Any setback costs yield: no transplanting, LST instead of topping.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/autoflowers-outdoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/autoflowers-outdoors.md", "qa": [ "Can I get two autoflower harvests outdoors in one season?", "Should I top outdoor autoflowers?", "What size container for outdoor autoflowers?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-autos-and-photos-in-one-tent", "question": "Can I grow autoflowers and photoperiods in the same tent?", "phrasings": [ "Mixing autos and photos", "Auto and photo together in one tent", "Autos in a 12/12 tent", "Can I grow autos on 12/12?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You can grow autoflowers and photoperiods in the same tent, but one schedule must lose. On 18/6 to 20/4 the autos thrive and the photos stay in veg; on 12/12 the photos flower and the autos lose about a third of their daily light, and yield with it. The best plan is to veg photos alongside autos, then flip after the autos are harvested, or use two spaces.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/autos-and-photos-in-one-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/autos-and-photos-in-one-tent.md", "qa": [ "Can I grow autos on 12/12?", "What is the best way to mix autos and photos?", "Will an autoflower mess up my photoperiods?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-best-medium-for-rooting-clones", "question": "What is the best medium for rooting clones?", "phrasings": [ "Rockwool vs plugs for clones", "Can I root clones in soil?", "Aero cloner vs cubes", "Best cloning medium" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "comparison", "answer": "There's no single best medium for rooting cannabis clones; the best is the one that stays moist while holding plenty of air. Studies disagree: rockwool rooted best (up to 80%) in one hemp trial, but worst (0% at 9 days) when kept at full water capacity in another, where a 50:50 peat-perlite mix won. Rockwool, peat or coco plugs and aeroponic cloners all work if not waterlogged.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/best-medium-for-rooting-clones.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/best-medium-for-rooting-clones.md", "qa": [ "Is rockwool good for clones?", "Can I root clones directly in soil?", "Is an aeroponic cloner better than plugs?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-best-pot-size-for-autoflowers", "question": "What pot size is best for autoflowers?", "phrasings": [ "Best pot for autos", "3 gallon or 5 gallon for an autoflower?", "Autoflower container size", "Can I grow an auto in a small pot?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "For autoflowers, an 11–15 L (3–4 gal) pot is the usual final pot, and up to 19 L (5 gal) is forgiving for a first grow. Sow the seed straight into it and don't transplant. Bigger pots give bigger plants within reason, but pot size trades against feeding frequency: small pots can still grow big autos if you water and feed often.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-transplanting", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/best-pot-size-for-autoflowers.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/best-pot-size-for-autoflowers.md", "qa": [ "Is 3 gallons or 5 gallons better for an autoflower?", "Can I start an autoflower in a solo cup?", "Do bigger pots mean bigger yields?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-best-soil-for-cannabis", "question": "What soil should I use for growing cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "What is the best soil mix for cannabis?", "Can I use normal potting soil for weed?", "Do I need perlite in soil?", "Can I use hydro nutrients in soil?", "Can I use garden soil in pots?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "The best soil for growing cannabis indoors is a quality bagged potting mix, peat- or coco-based with compost and a light starter fertiliser, opened up with 20–35% perlite or pumice. Never use garden soil in pots. The starter charge feeds for 2–4 weeks; after that, feed at EC 0.8–1.6 mS/cm with water at pH 6.2–6.8.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-systems-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/best-soil-for-cannabis.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/best-soil-for-cannabis.md", "qa": [ "Do I need to add perlite to potting soil?", "Can I use hydro nutrients in soil?", "Can I use garden soil for cannabis in pots?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-blurple-vs-white-led", "question": "Are purple (blurple) LEDs as good as white LEDs?", "phrasings": [ "Blurple vs full-spectrum white LED", "Are red and blue LEDs good for cannabis?", "White LED vs purple LED for growing", "Is green light wasted on plants?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "comparison", "answer": "Purple (blurple) LEDs grow cannabis about as well as white LEDs at the same PPFD, because photon quantity and efficacy matter far more than colour. White LEDs win in practice: green light reaches lower leaves, you can see deficiencies and pests, and good white fixtures exceed 2.5–3 µmol/J. Judge any LED by its measured PPFD and µmol/J, not its colour.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-light-spectrum", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/blurple-vs-white-led.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/blurple-vs-white-led.md", "qa": [ "Is green light wasted on cannabis?", "Why do purple grow lights make it hard to see problems?", "Do I need more red light for flowering?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-buds-lost-their-smell", "question": "Why did my buds lose their smell?", "phrasings": [ "Why don't my buds smell?", "No smell after the cure", "My terpenes faded", "Buds smelled great on the plant but not now" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Buds lose their smell mostly because volatile terpenes escaped during a fast, warm or over-dry dry, and then during storage in warmth, light or air. Humidity packs and frequent jar opening make it worse. The aroma doesn't come back: a cure never fixes a bad dry. Next time, dry for 7–14 days at 15–21 °C and 55–62% RH and keep buds at water activity 0.55–0.65.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-curing-burping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/buds-lost-their-smell.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/buds-lost-their-smell.md", "qa": [ "Can I bring the smell back to my buds?", "Do humidity packs make buds lose smell?", "Why did my buds smell strong on the plant but weak after drying?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-calibrate-a-hygrometer", "question": "How do I check if my hygrometer is accurate?", "phrasings": [ "How do I do a salt test on a hygrometer?", "Hygrometer calibration for a grow tent", "My humidity reading seems wrong", "Why do my two hygrometers disagree?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Check a hygrometer with a salt test: seal it for 12–24 hours in a bag or jar with a damp slurry of table salt, which holds air at about 75 % RH at room temperature. Note how far it reads off and correct for that. For a second point, magnesium chloride gives about 33 %. Cheap sensors drift 3–5 % RH, enough to mislead VPD and bud-rot decisions.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-environment-humidity-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/calibrate-a-hygrometer.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/calibrate-a-hygrometer.md", "qa": [ "How do I do a hygrometer salt test?", "How accurate are cheap hygrometers?", "Why do my two hygrometers show different readings?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-clone-a-flowering-plant", "question": "Can I take clones from a flowering plant?", "phrasings": [ "Can I clone a plant in flower?", "Re-veg clone from a flowering plant", "Will a flowering cutting root?", "What is monster cropping?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes. You can clone a flowering cannabis plant (monster cropping), but expect slower rooting, often 2–4 weeks, and a further 2–6 weeks of odd, single-bladed regrowth while the cutting re-vegs under 18–24 hours of light. Success is best from the first 2–3 weeks of flower, using lower branches with little bud. It's a rescue method; cloning before the flip is far easier.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-clone-a-flowering-plant.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-clone-a-flowering-plant.md", "qa": [ "What is monster cropping?", "How late in flower can I take a cutting?", "Why does my flowering clone have single-finger leaves?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-defoliate-autoflowers", "question": "Can I defoliate autoflowers?", "phrasings": [ "Should I defoliate my autos?", "Can I strip autoflower leaves?", "Is lollipopping autoflowers a good idea?", "Can I schwazz an autoflower?" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You can defoliate autoflowers, but only lightly, and GenetixBay advises tucking instead. An autoflower runs on a fixed countdown of about 9–14 weeks from germination, so any setback costs yield it can't recover. Tuck fan leaves away from bud sites, remove only damaged, dying or soil-touching leaves, take no more than a few at a time, and never schwazz an auto.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-training-defoliation-lollipopping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-defoliate-autoflowers.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-defoliate-autoflowers.md", "qa": [ "Should I lollipop autoflowers?", "Why are autoflowers more sensitive to defoliation?", "What training is best for autoflowers?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-dry-in-my-grow-tent", "question": "Can I dry my buds in my grow tent?", "phrasings": [ "Can I dry weed in my grow tent?", "How to set up a tent for drying", "Drying in the grow room after harvest", "Should I turn the light off to dry in the tent?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, a grow tent makes a good drying space once the plants are out and the light is off. Keep it dark, at 15–21 °C (60–70 °F) and 55–62% RH, with the exhaust on low and a fan moving room air, not blowing on the buds. Never dry in a tent with the grow light or heat running, or alongside live plants. Expect 7–14 days.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-drying", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-dry-in-my-grow-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-dry-in-my-grow-tent.md", "qa": [ "Should the exhaust fan run while drying in a tent?", "Can I dry in the tent while other plants are growing?", "What if my tent's humidity is too low for drying?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-grow-bag-seed", "question": "Can I grow seeds I found in my weed?", "phrasings": [ "Is bag seed worth growing?", "Growing bagseed", "Seeds found in bud", "Will seeds from my weed be female?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You can grow seeds found in your weed, but bag seed is a gamble. Seed in sinsemilla bud often comes from a plant that hermed and pollinated itself, so it tends to be nearly all female and to pass the herm tendency on. Its parents, sex and flowering time are unknown. It is fine for practice; for a real grow, buy documented seed. Check local seed rules first.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-seed-types-regular-feminised-auto-clone", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-grow-bag-seed.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-grow-bag-seed.md", "qa": [ "Will bag seed be female?", "Is bag seed good for a first grow?", "Are seeds from a hermie plant worth keeping?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-grow-in-a-closet", "question": "Can I grow cannabis in a closet or cupboard?", "phrasings": [ "Closet grow setup", "Cabinet grow", "Small space grow setup", "Can I grow weed in a wardrobe?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, you can grow cannabis in a closet or cupboard if it can be made light-tight, ventilated and safely powered. A space about 60 x 60 cm (2 x 2 ft) and 140–180 cm tall suits one or two plants under a 100–150 W efficient LED, with an extractor fan changing the air about once a minute through a carbon filter. Check local rules first.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-choosing-a-system", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-grow-in-a-closet.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-grow-in-a-closet.md", "qa": [ "Is a grow tent better than a closet?", "How do I ventilate a closet grow?", "What plants suit a small closet?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-grow-with-household-bulbs", "question": "Can I grow cannabis with household LED or CFL bulbs?", "phrasings": [ "Can I grow weed with regular light bulbs?", "Growing cannabis with CFLs", "Can I use a normal LED bulb for plants?", "Cheapest light to grow one plant" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You can keep seedlings and clones alive under household LED or CFL bulbs, but you can't grow good flower with them. Seedlings need about 150–300 µmol/m²/s; flower wants 600–1,200 µmol/m²/s over the whole canopy, which takes roughly 25–40 W of efficient horticultural LED per square foot. A handful of household bulbs delivers a fraction of that, so yields are small and buds airy.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-grow-with-household-bulbs.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-grow-with-household-bulbs.md", "qa": [ "Can I flower cannabis under CFLs?", "Are household bulbs fine for seedlings and clones?", "What is the cheapest light that actually works for one plant?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-mix-soil-and-coco", "question": "Can I mix soil and coco?", "phrasings": [ "Can I mix coco into potting soil?", "Is a 50/50 coco soil mix good?", "Soil and coco mix for cannabis", "Do I feed a coco soil mix like soil or coco?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, you can mix soil and coco: adding buffered coco to potting mix lightens it, holds water well and stays airy. Decide which system the blend behaves like. Mostly soil (coco 50% or less): water at pH 6.2–6.8 and feed at soil strength. Mostly coco: run pH 5.8–6.2 and feed every watering. Use washed, buffered coco or it will grab calcium and magnesium.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-coco", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-mix-soil-and-coco.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-mix-soil-and-coco.md", "qa": [ "Should I pH a coco soil mix like soil or coco?", "Does coco in soil cause calcium deficiency?", "Is coco better than perlite for lightening soil?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-reuse-soil", "question": "Can I reuse soil from my last grow?", "phrasings": [ "Can I reuse potting soil for cannabis?", "How do I recycle old grow soil?", "How do I amend old soil for the next run?", "Can I reuse coco coir?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, you can reuse soil from your last grow if the plants were healthy. Break up the root ball, add fresh compost or worm castings, slow-release organic amendments and perlite, then keep it moist for 2–4 weeks before planting. Don't reuse soil from plants with root rot, wilt or root pests. Coco can be rinsed and re-buffered; living soil is reused in place, no-till.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-reuse-soil.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-reuse-soil.md", "qa": [ "Do I need to sterilise old soil before reusing it?", "Can I reuse soil from plants with root rot or pests?", "Can I reuse coco coir?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-i-use-distilled-water", "question": "Can I use distilled water or rainwater for cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "Is distilled water good for plants?", "Can I use rainwater for weed?", "Can I use bottled water for plants?", "Is RO water better than tap water?", "Do I need Cal-Mag with distilled water?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes. Distilled, RO and clean rainwater work well for cannabis because they start near EC 0 with no sodium, chloride or alkalinity, but they also carry no calcium or magnesium and no pH buffer. Add a complete feed that includes Ca and Mg, or a Cal-Mag supplement, to reach about 150-200 mg/L Ca and 40-70 mg/L Mg, and expect pH to swing easily. Rain is naturally about pH 5.6.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-water-quality", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-use-distilled-water.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-i-use-distilled-water.md", "qa": [ "Do I need Cal-Mag with RO or distilled water?", "Is rainwater safe for cannabis?", "Can I use bottled spring or mineral water?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-you-clone-autoflowers", "question": "Can you clone an autoflower?", "phrasings": [ "Cloning autos", "Do autoflower clones work?", "Can I take cuttings from an autoflower?", "Can you keep an autoflower mother?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You can root a cutting from an autoflower, but it is impractical. The clone keeps flowering on its parent's age-based clock, so it starts flowering while it is still rooting and finishes tiny, often only a few grams. An autoflower also can't be kept as a mother. To repeat a good auto, grow its seed again, or breed from it.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-you-clone-autoflowers.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-you-clone-autoflowers.md", "qa": [ "Why don't autoflower clones get big?", "Can I keep an autoflower as a mother plant?", "How do I keep a great autoflower going?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-can-you-smoke-a-hermie", "question": "Can you smoke buds from a hermaphrodite plant?", "phrasings": [ "Can I smoke a hermie?", "Is hermie weed OK to use?", "Does a herm ruin bud quality?", "Are seeded buds safe?" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Yes, buds from a hermaphrodite plant can be used if they are free of mould. The herm doesn't make them unsafe, but if they were pollinated, seed formation lowers quality and seeds need picking out. Finish or harvest the plant, pick out the seeds, check the buds for rot, and never keep the plant as a mother or grow its seeds. A herm is a genetic defect to cull.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-hermaphrodites", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-you-smoke-a-hermie.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/can-you-smoke-a-hermie.md", "qa": [ "Are seeded buds weaker?", "Should I harvest a hermie early?", "Do herm buds give a different effect?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-coco-perlite-ratio", "question": "What coco to perlite ratio should I use?", "phrasings": [ "What coco perlite mix should I use?", "Is 70/30 coco perlite right?", "Do I need perlite in coco?", "How much perlite to add to coco coir?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "The usual coco to perlite ratio is 70:30 for hand-watered pots. Coco takes 0–30% perlite: hand watering once a day or less suits 20–30% perlite for extra air and margin, while automated high-frequency drip can run 0–20% or plain coco. More perlite means more air, faster drying and more irrigations; less perlite holds more water.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-coco", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/coco-perlite-ratio.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/coco-perlite-ratio.md", "qa": [ "Can I use coco without perlite?", "Is 50/50 coco perlite too much?", "Should I rinse perlite before mixing it with coco?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-clones-need-nutrients", "question": "Do clones need nutrients before they root?", "phrasings": [ "Should I feed my clones?", "Nutrients for cuttings", "What EC for clones?", "What EC for seedlings and clones?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "No. Unrooted cannabis clones don't need nutrients: they live on reserves in their stem and leaves, and plain water or a very weak solution (EC up to about 0.4 mS/cm, 200 ppm500) is enough. Strong feed can burn the cut stem. Once roots show, feed rooted clones and seedlings at a quarter to half strength, EC 0.4–0.8 mS/cm (200–400 ppm500).", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-clones-need-nutrients.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-clones-need-nutrients.md", "qa": [ "What EC for seedlings and clones?", "Should I foliar feed clones?", "What pH for clone plugs?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-damaged-leaves-recover", "question": "Will damaged leaves recover after I fix the problem?", "phrasings": [ "Do yellow leaves turn green again?", "Do burnt leaves recover?", "Should I remove damaged leaves?", "How many leaves can I remove?", "How do I know my fix worked?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Mostly no. Brown, burnt or dead leaf tissue never recovers, and badly yellowed leaves rarely regreen; only mildly pale leaves may partly recover once the nutrient is back. Judge your fix on new growth, which should look healthy within about 5-10 days. Leave damaged leaves that are still mostly green, because they still photosynthesise. Remove only leaves that are mostly dead, diseased, or shading nothing useful.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-nutrients-mobile-vs-immobile-nutrients", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-damaged-leaves-recover.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-damaged-leaves-recover.md", "qa": [ "Should I remove damaged leaves?", "How many leaves can I remove?", "How do I know my fix worked?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-floating-seeds-mean-duds", "question": "Do seeds that float mean they are duds?", "phrasings": [ "Does the float test work for seeds?", "My seeds are floating, are they dead?", "Sink or float: which seeds are good?", "Should I throw away seeds that float?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "myth", "answer": "No. A cannabis seed that floats is not necessarily a dud; the float test is unreliable because it mostly measures air trapped in or on the shell, and many floaters sink within a few hours and germinate normally. The only reliable check is a germination test: 10 seeds on a damp towel at 22–26 °C (72–79 °F) in the dark for 7 days.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-germination-germination-methods", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-floating-seeds-mean-duds.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-floating-seeds-mean-duds.md", "qa": [ "How do I test if my seeds are viable?", "Should I soak seeds before planting?", "Do dark seeds germinate better than pale ones?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-i-need-an-intake-fan", "question": "Do I need an intake fan or is passive intake enough?", "phrasings": [ "Is passive intake enough for a grow tent?", "How do I get negative pressure in a tent?", "Do I need an intake fan?", "Tent walls sucking in too much" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Passive intake is enough for most grow tents: an exhaust fan pulls air out and low, open intake ports let fresh air in, keeping the tent under slight negative pressure so smell can't escape. Make the open intake area about 2–3 times the exhaust duct area. Add an intake fan only for big rooms or long intake runs, and keep it weaker than the exhaust.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-airflow", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-i-need-an-intake-fan.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-i-need-an-intake-fan.md", "qa": [ "How big should passive intake be?", "Should my tent walls bow in?", "When do I need an intake fan?" ], "sources_count": 2, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-i-need-rooting-hormone", "question": "Do I need rooting hormone for clones?", "phrasings": [ "Do I need rooting gel?", "Rooting powder or gel for clones?", "Can I clone without rooting hormone?", "Does willow water work for clones?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You don't strictly need rooting hormone for cannabis clones, but it clearly helps. In a controlled study, an IBA gel gave 2.1 times the rooting success of a willow-extract gel, and in hemp, hormone-treated cuttings rooted far better than untreated ones. Use an IBA gel or powder (commonly 1,000–3,000 ppm), dip once from a decanted portion, and expect roots in 7–14 days.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-i-need-rooting-hormone.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-i-need-rooting-hormone.md", "qa": [ "Is gel or powder better for clones?", "Does willow water or honey work as rooting hormone?", "Can too much rooting hormone hurt clones?" ], "sources_count": 2, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-i-need-to-ph-my-water", "question": "Do I really need to pH my water?", "phrasings": [ "Do I need to pH my water?", "What happens if I don't pH my water?", "Is pH necessary in soil?", "Do I need to pH water for living soil?", "Can I skip pH in coco?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "In coco, rockwool and hydro, yes: adjust every batch to about pH 5.5-6.2 in hydro or 5.8-6.3 in coco, because these media barely buffer pH. In bagged soil, adjusting to pH 6.2-6.8 is good practice but the mix buffers small errors, and your water's alkalinity matters more than its pH. In living soil, generally no. The accepted ranges are soil 6.0-7.0 and soilless 5.5-6.5.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-ph-nutrient-availability", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-i-need-to-ph-my-water.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-i-need-to-ph-my-water.md", "qa": [ "What happens if I don't pH my water in hydro?", "Do I need to pH water for soil?", "Do I need to pH water for living soil?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-mycorrhizae-help", "question": "Do mycorrhizae help cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "Do mycorrhizal fungi help weed?", "Is a root inoculant worth it?", "Do myco products work?", "Should I add mycorrhizae in hydro or coco?", "Mycorrhizae for transplanting" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Mycorrhizae can help cannabis a little, mainly with phosphorus uptake in low-phosphorus soil, but commercial inoculants often don't deliver. In a seedling trial the highest dose raised root length 34% and phosphorus content 24%. A global test of 28 commercial products found most failed to colonise roots. In fully fed hydro or coco, phosphorus is plentiful and colonisation is suppressed, so inoculants are mostly wasted money.", "evidence": "contested", "evidence_name": "Contested", "parent": "kb-systems-living-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-mycorrhizae-help.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-mycorrhizae-help.md", "qa": [ "Do mycorrhizae work in hydro or coco?", "Are mycorrhizal inoculants alive when I buy them?", "Do mycorrhizae help living soil?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-seedlings-need-a-dome", "question": "Do cannabis seedlings need a humidity dome?", "phrasings": [ "Should I use a humidity dome for seedlings?", "Humidity dome for seedlings, yes or no?", "When do I remove the dome from seedlings?", "Do seedlings need high humidity?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Cannabis seedlings don't strictly need a humidity dome, but one helps in dry rooms for the first 3–7 days by holding 65–75% RH around them. Vent it daily, and remove it gradually once the first true leaves are growing well. A dome left closed for days breeds mould and damping-off. If your room already sits at 60–70% RH, skip the dome.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-seedling-care", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-seedlings-need-a-dome.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-seedlings-need-a-dome.md", "qa": [ "When should I take the dome off seedlings?", "What humidity do seedlings need?", "Can a humidity dome cause damping-off?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-seeds-need-light-to-germinate", "question": "Do cannabis seeds need light to germinate?", "phrasings": [ "Should seeds germinate in the dark or the light?", "Do cannabis seeds need light?", "Should seeds be kept in the dark?", "How much light does cannabis need?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "No. Cannabis seeds do not need light to germinate; they need warmth (22–27 °C / 72–81 °F), moisture and air, and germinate well in the dark. Light becomes essential the moment the seedling breaks the surface: start at about 100–200 µmol/m²/s for 18 hours, rising to 150–300. A seedling left in the dark after emerging stretches and weakens within a day or two.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-germination-germination-methods", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-seeds-need-light-to-germinate.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-seeds-need-light-to-germinate.md", "qa": [ "How much light does cannabis need?", "When do seedlings need light?", "Does light hurt germinating seeds?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-do-sticky-traps-work", "question": "Do sticky traps work?", "phrasings": [ "Do yellow sticky traps work?", "Blue sticky traps for thrips", "Will sticky traps get rid of fungus gnats?", "Where should I put sticky traps in my tent?", "Yellow or blue sticky cards?" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Sticky traps work as a monitoring tool, not a cure. Yellow cards catch fungus gnats, whiteflies, winged aphids and leafminers; blue cards are somewhat more attractive to thrips. They catch only flying adults, so they never fix larvae in the medium or spider mites. Count catches weekly and replace the card: a rising count is your early warning, and a falling count shows the real treatment is working.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-pests-fungus-gnats", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-sticky-traps-work.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/do-sticky-traps-work.md", "qa": [ "Will sticky traps get rid of fungus gnats?", "Do sticky traps catch spider mites?", "Where should I put sticky traps?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-does-compost-tea-work", "question": "Does compost tea work for cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "Does aerated compost tea work?", "Is ACT good for weed plants?", "What are the benefits of compost tea?", "Does compost tea feed the plant?", "Should I add molasses to compost tea?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Compost tea is not a meaningful fertiliser for cannabis, and its disease-control effects are inconsistent. Reviews found some teas suppressed some diseases in some trials, with no reliable recipe, and there are no controlled cannabis trials. Adding molasses, kelp or fish to brew grew E. coli and Salmonella 10- to 10,000-fold in one study. If you use it, apply it to living soil, not flowers, within hours of brewing.", "evidence": "contested", "evidence_name": "Contested", "parent": "kb-systems-living-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/does-compost-tea-work.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/does-compost-tea-work.md", "qa": [ "Does compost tea add nutrients?", "Is it safe to spray compost tea on buds?", "Should I add molasses to compost tea?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-does-foliar-feeding-work", "question": "Does foliar feeding work on cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "Do foliar nutrient sprays work?", "Can I spray leaves with Cal-Mag?", "Is it OK to foliar feed in flower?", "How much Epsom salt for a foliar spray?", "Can foliar feeding replace root feeding?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Foliar feeding works on cannabis as a quick, small top-up, not as a feed. Leaves absorb little and unevenly, so a spray can green new growth within days for magnesium, iron or zinc in veg, but it cannot supply nitrogen, potassium or calcium in useful amounts. Use it in veg only, at low light or lights-off, and never spray flowers. Fix the root zone at the same time.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-nutrients-feed-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/does-foliar-feeding-work.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/does-foliar-feeding-work.md", "qa": [ "How much Epsom salt for a foliar spray?", "Can I foliar feed in flower?", "Can I foliar feed Cal-Mag for calcium deficiency?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-electricity-cost-of-growing", "question": "How much electricity does a home grow use?", "phrasings": [ "Electric bill for growing weed", "Cost to run a grow light", "How much does it cost to grow at home?", "How many kWh does a grow tent use?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "A home grow uses about 300 kWh per photoperiod run in a 2 x 2 ft tent (150 W LED plus fans) and about 850 kWh in a 4 x 4 ft tent (500 W LED plus fans), with 4 weeks of veg at 18/6 and 10 weeks of flower at 12/12. At 0.15 per kWh that is roughly 45 and 130 in local currency. Dehumidifiers and heaters add more.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-first-grow-guide", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/electricity-cost-of-growing.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/electricity-cost-of-growing.md", "qa": [ "How do I calculate my grow's electricity use?", "Do autoflowers use more electricity?", "Are LEDs cheaper to run than HPS?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-fabric-pots-vs-plastic-pots", "question": "Are fabric pots better than plastic pots?", "phrasings": [ "Fabric pots vs plastic pots for cannabis", "Are fabric grow bags worth it?", "Air pots vs fabric pots", "Do fabric pots stop root circling?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "comparison", "answer": "Fabric pots are better than plastic pots for hand-watered soil, mainly because they dry faster and run cooler. Water evaporates through the walls, which cuts overwatering risk and kept substrate about 6 °C (11 °F) cooler than black plastic in one nursery study. The cost is more frequent watering. Plastic suits automated drip, coco and growers who water rarely.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-systems-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fabric-pots-vs-plastic-pots.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fabric-pots-vs-plastic-pots.md", "qa": [ "Do fabric pots need more water?", "Do fabric pots prevent root rot?", "What about air pots?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-fan-leaves-vs-sugar-leaves", "question": "What is the difference between fan leaves and sugar leaves?", "phrasings": [ "Fan leaves vs sugar leaves", "What are sugar leaves?", "Big leaves vs small leaves on buds", "Should I remove fan leaves?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Fan leaves are the big palmate leaves, usually 5–9 serrated leaflets on long stalks, that do most of a cannabis plant's photosynthesis and carry few trichomes. Sugar leaves are the small, resin-coated leaves growing out of the buds, trimmed at harvest and often kept for processing. GenetixBay's house rule is 'tuck, don't pluck': keep fan leaves working and move them aside instead of stripping them.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-cannabis-plant-biology", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fan-leaves-vs-sugar-leaves.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fan-leaves-vs-sugar-leaves.md", "qa": [ "Should I remove fan leaves?", "What do I do with sugar leaf trim?", "Why are my fan leaves yellowing in late flower?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-feed-every-watering", "question": "Should I feed every time I water?", "phrasings": [ "Should I do feed, water, feed?", "Do I add nutrients every watering?", "Feed then plain water: is that right?", "How often should I give nutrients in soil?", "Do I feed every watering in coco?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Whether to feed every watering depends on the medium. In coco, rockwool and hydro, yes: every irrigation carries nutrient solution at stage strength, about EC 1.2-1.8 mS/cm in veg and 1.6-2.2 in flower. In bagged soil, feed every second or third watering at EC 0.8-1.6 once the starter charge runs out. In living soil, water only and top-dress. Runoff EC tells you if the rhythm is right.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-nutrients-feed-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/feed-every-watering.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/feed-every-watering.md", "qa": [ "Should I feed every watering in coco?", "Is feed, water, feed right for soil?", "Can I just use a weaker feed every watering in soil?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-feeding-autoflowers", "question": "How should I feed autoflowers?", "phrasings": [ "Do autoflowers need less nutrients?", "Autoflower feeding schedule", "How much nutrients for autos?", "What EC should I feed my autoflower?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Feed autoflowers lighter than photoperiods but don't starve them: plain water or about EC 0.4–0.6 mS/cm for the first two weeks, 0.8–1.2 in weeks 3–4 and 1.2–1.8 in flower, starting at a quarter to half the label rate. Quality bagged soil often needs water only for 2–3 weeks. Feed through to harvest; don't flush. Hunger in week 3 costs yield an auto can't recover.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/feeding-autoflowers.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/feeding-autoflowers.md", "qa": [ "Do autoflowers need less nutrients than photoperiods?", "Should I flush my autoflower before harvest?", "When should I start feeding an autoflower?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-fix-deficiency-in-late-flower", "question": "Is it worth fixing a deficiency in late flower?", "phrasings": [ "Deficiency in week 7 of flower: what do I do?", "How do I fix a late flower deficiency?", "Is it too late to fix my plant?", "Yellow leaves in the last weeks of flower", "Should I feed more at the end?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "It depends what you're seeing. Lower fan leaves yellowing in the last 2-3 weeks is normal remobilisation, not a deficiency, so leave it. A real problem that spreads to sugar leaves and new growth with 3 or more weeks to go is worth fixing, usually by correcting root-zone pH or runoff EC and keeping the feed at stage strength. Never flush, and never foliar spray buds.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-nutrients-mobile-vs-immobile-nutrients", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fix-deficiency-in-late-flower.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fix-deficiency-in-late-flower.md", "qa": [ "Is yellowing at the end of flower normal?", "Can I foliar spray a deficiency in flower?", "Should I raise my feed strength late in flower?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-fix-soil-ph", "question": "How do I fix soil pH that is too high or too low?", "phrasings": [ "How do I raise soil pH?", "How do I lower soil pH?", "Should I use lime to fix soil pH?", "My runoff pH is 7.5: what do I do?", "How do I test soil pH in a pot?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Raise soil pH with agricultural or dolomitic lime and lower it with elemental sulfur; both take weeks, so build them into the mix before planting. In a pot mid-grow, correct slowly through the water instead: pH-adjust each watering and treat hard water's alkalinity. Aim for a root zone of pH 6.0-7.0, ideally 6.2-6.8, and act if runoff stays below about 5.8 or above 7.3.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-ph-nutrient-availability", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fix-soil-ph.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/fix-soil-ph.md", "qa": [ "How do I lower soil pH in a pot quickly?", "How do I raise soil pH in a pot quickly?", "How do I test soil pH in a pot?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-full-strength-feeding-chart", "question": "Should I use full-strength nutrients from the feeding chart?", "phrasings": [ "Should I use half-strength nutrients?", "Is the feeding chart too strong?", "Should I start at quarter strength?", "Why are my tips burning on the recommended dose?", "Do I follow the bottle's feed schedule?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Usually not at first. Feeding charts are written as upper limits, often for hard water and vigorous plants. Start at about half to three-quarters of the chart and steer by EC instead: about 0.6-1.0 mS/cm for seedlings, 1.2-1.8 in veg and 1.6-2.2 in flower for coco and hydro, and 0.8-1.6 in soil. Raise strength only if runoff EC and leaves say the plant wants more.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-nutrients-feed-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/full-strength-feeding-chart.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/full-strength-feeding-chart.md", "qa": [ "What strength should I feed seedlings?", "How do I know if I'm feeding too strong?", "Does feeding stronger give bigger yields?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-grams-per-watt", "question": "How much yield should I expect per watt or per square foot?", "phrasings": [ "Grams per watt", "Yield per square foot", "How much will a 4x4 yield?", "What is a good g/W?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Expect roughly 100–500 g of dry flower per square metre (about 10–50 g, or 0.3–1.6 oz, per square foot) indoors, rising with light; well-run research rooms at 750–900 µmol/m²/s measured 500–750 g/m². Worked back from those trials, that is roughly 0.7–2 g per watt of efficient LED. A 4 x 4 ft tent therefore gives about 150–700 g, set mainly by canopy light.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/grams-per-watt.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/grams-per-watt.md", "qa": [ "Is grams per watt a good measure?", "How much will a 4x4 tent yield?", "Does more light always mean more yield?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-gravel-in-bottom-of-pots", "question": "Should I put gravel or rocks in the bottom of my pots?", "phrasings": [ "Should I put rocks in my pots for drainage?", "Does a gravel layer help drainage?", "Do pots need a drainage layer?", "Clay pebbles in the bottom of the pot" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "myth", "answer": "No, you don't need gravel or rocks in the bottom of a pot, and the idea that a drainage layer is necessary to stop waterlogging is a myth. Its effect on drainage is small and disputed, and it takes away root volume. A free-draining mix with 20–35% perlite or pumice, open drainage holes and an empty saucer do the job better.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-systems-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/gravel-in-bottom-of-pots.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/gravel-in-bottom-of-pots.md", "qa": [ "Does gravel in the bottom of a pot cause a perched water table?", "What should I put in the bottom of my pot instead?", "Can I use clay pebbles at the bottom of a soil pot?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-grow-room-electrical-safety", "question": "Is an indoor grow a fire risk?", "phrasings": [ "Can a grow tent catch fire?", "Electrical safety for a home grow", "Is it safe to run a grow light from a power strip?", "How many watts can I run on one circuit?" ], "topic": "equipment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "An indoor grow is a real fire risk only when it's set up badly: overloaded circuits, daisy-chained power strips, damaged cords, heaters and water near plugs. Keep continuous load under 80 % of the circuit (about 1,440 W on a 15 A, 120 V circuit; about 2,900 W on 16 A, 230 V), use RCD/GFCI protection, give cables drip loops and fit a working smoke alarm.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-first-grow-guide", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/grow-room-electrical-safety.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/grow-room-electrical-safety.md", "qa": [ "How many watts can I run on one circuit?", "Is it safe to use a power strip for grow lights?", "Do I need a GFCI or RCD for my grow?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-hang-whole-plant-or-branches", "question": "Should I hang the whole plant or cut branches to dry?", "phrasings": [ "Should I hang the whole plant to dry?", "Hang branches or whole plant?", "Can I dry buds on a rack?", "Whole-plant hang vs drying rack" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Hang the whole plant if your dry room runs on the dry side or you want the slowest dry, because the stem and leaves slow water loss. Cut branches if space is tight or the room is humid, since smaller pieces dry faster and evenly. Wet-trimmed buds go on a rack and dry fastest. Whatever the method, aim for 7–14 days at 15–21 °C (60–70 °F) and 55–62% RH.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-drying", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/hang-whole-plant-or-branches.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/hang-whole-plant-or-branches.md", "qa": [ "Does hanging the whole plant make a better dry?", "Can I dry buds on a drying rack?", "How far apart should drying branches hang?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-harvest-in-stages", "question": "Should I harvest the whole plant at once or in stages?", "phrasings": [ "Should I harvest the top colas first?", "How do I do a staggered harvest?", "My bottom buds aren't ready yet", "Is it worth harvesting in two stages?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Harvest a cannabis plant in stages when the top colas are ready and the lower buds clearly aren't, often a difference of several days. Cut the tops at mostly cloudy with some amber, then give the lower buds roughly 5–10 more days, feeding normally. If the whole plant reads within a few percent, or bud rot or pollen threatens, harvest everything at once. Never flush or darken before either cut.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-trichome-ripeness", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/harvest-in-stages.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/harvest-in-stages.md", "qa": [ "Do lower buds get bigger after the top is harvested?", "Is a staggered harvest worth the effort?", "Does cutting the top stress the rest of the plant?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-harvesting-too-early-or-late", "question": "What happens if I harvest too early or too late?", "phrasings": [ "What happens if I harvest cannabis early?", "I think I harvested too late", "Effects of an early chop", "Does harvesting late make it stronger?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Harvest too early and you lose weight and resin: buds are still filling, and cannabinoid concentration hasn't reached its plateau. Harvest too late and the plant senesces, cannabinoid concentration starts falling, and bud-rot risk climbs. The window between is fairly wide. Most growers cut at mostly cloudy with about 5–20% amber, a matter of preference. Amber doesn't mean CBN or couch-lock.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-trichome-ripeness", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/harvesting-too-early-or-late.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/harvesting-too-early-or-late.md", "qa": [ "Is it bad to harvest when trichomes are mostly clear?", "Does harvesting late make cannabis more sedating?", "How long is the harvest window?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-hemp-vs-marijuana", "question": "What is the difference between hemp and marijuana?", "phrasings": [ "Hemp vs weed", "Is hemp the same plant as cannabis?", "Hemp vs cannabis difference", "Is hemp just low-THC cannabis?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Hemp and marijuana are the same species, Cannabis sativa. The difference is chemistry, breeding and law: hemp is cannabis grown for fibre, seed or low-THC flower, defined in many laws as no more than 0.3% THC by dry weight, while marijuana is drug-type cannabis bred for high THC. The two groups are genetically distinct populations, and many fibre hemps are bred monoecious.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-cannabis-plant-biology", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/hemp-vs-marijuana.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/hemp-vs-marijuana.md", "qa": [ "Where does the 0.3% THC hemp limit come from?", "Can hemp get you high?", "Is CBD flower hemp?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-holes-in-leaves", "question": "What is eating holes in my leaves?", "phrasings": [ "Why are there holes in my cannabis leaves?", "Something is chewing my leaves", "Leaf damage from bugs outdoors", "Ragged holes in leaves overnight", "Holes in leaves indoors but no bugs" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Holes in cannabis leaves are usually chewing pests, and the clue left behind names them. Dark frass pellets mean caterpillars; silvery slime trails mean slugs or snails; ragged margins on outdoor edge plants mean grasshoppers; a seedling cut through at the soil line means cutworms. Indoors, chewers are rare: holes there are more often dead, dried tissue from nutrient or burn spots falling out. Check at night with a torch.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-pests-caterpillars", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/holes-in-leaves.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/holes-in-leaves.md", "qa": [ "What is eating my cannabis leaves at night?", "Why are there holes in my leaves indoors with no bugs?", "Do I need to treat for caterpillars if I see holes?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-home-remedies-for-powdery-mildew", "question": "Do milk or baking soda sprays work for powdery mildew?", "phrasings": [ "Does milk spray cure powdery mildew?", "Baking soda spray for powdery mildew on cannabis", "Is potassium bicarbonate good for PM?", "Home remedy for white powder on leaves" ], "topic": "diseases", "intent": "myth", "answer": "Milk and bicarbonate sprays suppress powdery mildew on leaves; they do not cure it. Trials on squash and pumpkin found milk above about 10% and 0.5% bicarbonate plus oil cut disease, but there are no cannabis trials. Use them only in veg, with full coverage every 7–10 days, alongside airflow and stable humidity. Never spray them on buds after the first 2–3 weeks of flower.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-diseases-powdery-mildew", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/home-remedies-for-powdery-mildew.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/home-remedies-for-powdery-mildew.md", "qa": [ "Is potassium bicarbonate better than baking soda for powdery mildew?", "Can I spray milk on cannabis in flower?", "Why does powdery mildew come back after I spray?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-cold-is-too-cold", "question": "How cold is too cold for cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "What is the minimum temperature for cannabis?", "My grow room is cold: is that a problem?", "Is 60 °F (15 °C) too cold for cannabis?", "How cold can cannabis plants get at night?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Cannabis gets too cold when air at the canopy stays below about 15 °C (59 °F): growth, water use and ripening slow sharply, and humid cold nights invite bud rot. Lights-on air below about 20 °C (68 °F) already costs growth. Late-flower nights of 16–20 °C (61–68 °F) are fine. Keep the root zone at 18–22 °C (64–72 °F); cold roots stall a plant even when the air is warm.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-temperature-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-cold-is-too-cold.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-cold-is-too-cold.md", "qa": [ "Is 60 °F (15.5 °C) too cold for cannabis?", "Will a cold night kill my plant?", "Do cold nights make buds purple?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-did-pests-get-in-my-tent", "question": "How did pests get into my sealed tent?", "phrasings": [ "Where do bugs come from in an indoor grow?", "Spider mites appeared out of nowhere", "How do pests get into a closed grow room?", "How did I get thrips in my tent?", "Can pests come in through the fan?" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Pests don't appear from nowhere in a sealed cannabis tent; something carried them in. The usual routes, most likely first, are new clones, your own clothes and hands after the garden, pets and houseplants, unfinished compost or open media bags (fungus gnats), and the intake air for tiny fliers like thrips and whiteflies. Low populations hide for weeks, so the source often predates the symptoms.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diseases-sanitation-and-prevention", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-did-pests-get-in-my-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-did-pests-get-in-my-tent.md", "qa": [ "Can spider mites come in on seeds?", "Can pests get in through my intake fan?", "Why do pests come back every grow?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-full-to-fill-curing-jars", "question": "How full should I fill my curing jars?", "phrasings": [ "How full should curing jars be?", "Should jars be three-quarters full?", "Can I pack my jars tight?", "Jar fill level for curing" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Fill curing jars about three-quarters full, loosely, so the buds don't crush and air can move around them when you burp. A packed jar holds wet pockets and flattens buds. A jar that is mostly empty holds a lot of air and swings humidity. Once the cure is done, after 2–8 weeks, fill storage jars fuller to cut the air in contact with the buds.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-curing-burping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-full-to-fill-curing-jars.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-full-to-fill-curing-jars.md", "qa": [ "What happens if I pack curing jars too tight?", "Does jar size matter for curing?", "Should storage jars be full after curing?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-long-can-mixed-nutrients-sit", "question": "How long can mixed nutrient solution be stored?", "phrasings": [ "Can I mix nutrients in advance?", "How long does premixed nutrient water last?", "Is old nutrient solution still good?", "Can I store leftover feed for next week?", "How long do nutrient concentrates last once opened?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Mixed mineral nutrient solution keeps about a week if it is covered, dark and cool, roughly the same 7-14 days a DWC reservoir runs between changes; an open, warm, lit jug is best used within 1-3 days. Light breaks down chelated iron, warmth grows microbes, and organic or sugary additives spoil within a day or two. Recheck pH and EC before use.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-nutrients-hydroponic-salts", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-can-mixed-nutrients-sit.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-can-mixed-nutrients-sit.md", "qa": [ "Why does stored nutrient solution go bad?", "Can I mix part A and part B in advance?", "How long do nutrient concentrates last?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-long-do-autoflowers-take", "question": "How long do autoflowers take from seed to harvest?", "phrasings": [ "How long do autos take?", "Autoflower total time from seed", "When are autos ready?", "How many weeks is an autoflower?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Autoflowers usually take about 9–14 weeks from sprouting to harvest, with fast lines near week 9–10 and long lines near week 13–14. They start flowering at about 3–5 weeks old whatever the light schedule. Add 1–2 weeks of drying before the buds are smokeable. Any setback, such as overwatering, transplanting or hunger, costs time the plant can't recover.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-do-autoflowers-take.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-do-autoflowers-take.md", "qa": [ "Do autoflowers finish faster on 24 hours of light?", "Why is my auto taking longer than the breeder says?", "How long does it take to grow an autoflower start to finish?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-long-do-clones-take-to-root", "question": "How long do clones take to root?", "phrasings": [ "Clone root time", "How many days do cuttings take to root?", "My clones are not rooting", "Why is my cannabis clone not growing after rooting?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Most cannabis clones root in 7–14 days, with the first roots showing around days 7–12 at a medium temperature of 22–26 °C (72–79 °F), high humidity and gentle light. Cuttings in a cold medium, from flowering plants or without rooting hormone can take 2–4 weeks or fail. If nothing after 3 weeks, check medium temperature, wetness and the cutting's source.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-do-clones-take-to-root.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-do-clones-take-to-root.md", "qa": [ "Why is my cannabis clone not growing after rooting?", "Why are my clones not rooting?", "Does a heat mat speed up rooting?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-long-does-a-carbon-filter-last", "question": "How long does a carbon filter last?", "phrasings": [ "When should I replace my carbon filter?", "Carbon filter lifespan for a grow tent", "My carbon filter stopped working", "Can you recharge a carbon filter?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "A grow-tent carbon filter usually lasts about 12–18 months of continuous use, less in humid rooms or with very pungent cultivars, longer if it only runs in flower. Replace it when you can smell flowering plants at the exhaust outlet. A washable pre-filter sleeve cleaned monthly, and RH kept below about 60 %, are what stretch filter life.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-airflow", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-does-a-carbon-filter-last.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-does-a-carbon-filter-last.md", "qa": [ "How do I know my carbon filter is finished?", "Does humidity shorten carbon filter life?", "Can I recharge or bake a carbon filter?" ], "sources_count": 2, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-long-does-flowering-take", "question": "How long does the flowering stage take?", "phrasings": [ "How many weeks does cannabis take to flower?", "How long from the flip to harvest?", "Indoor flowering time for photoperiod plants", "Why is my plant taking longer than the breeder said?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Most photoperiod cannabis flowers for about 7–10 weeks, counted from the first pistil clusters, but harvest comes about 9–12 weeks after the flip, because the flip isn't day 1 of flower: a 10–14 day transition comes first. A breeder's '8 weeks' usually means harvest about 9.5–10 weeks after switching to 12/12. Long-flowering equatorial types can take 11–16 weeks or more.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-flip-to-flower-transition", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-does-flowering-take.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-does-flowering-take.md", "qa": [ "How long after the flip to harvest?", "Why does my strain take longer than the breeder says?", "Does 13/11 make flowering take longer?", "How long do autoflowers take?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-long-is-the-seedling-stage", "question": "How long is the seedling stage?", "phrasings": [ "How long are cannabis plants seedlings?", "When does the seedling stage end?", "When does a seedling become veg?", "Why is my cannabis seedling so stretched?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "The cannabis seedling stage lasts about 2–3 weeks from emergence. It ends when the plant has 3–4 nodes of true leaves with full-sized, multi-fingered leaflets and roots filling a small pot; then it's in veg. At 150–300 µmol/m²/s, 18 hours a day and 23–27 °C (73–81 °F) it moves fastest. Cold, low light or overwatering can stretch it to 4 weeks or more.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-seedling-care", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-is-the-seedling-stage.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-long-is-the-seedling-stage.md", "qa": [ "Why is my cannabis seedling so stretched?", "When do seedlings get their first true leaves?", "When should I transplant a seedling?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-many-plants-per-tent", "question": "How many plants can I fit in my grow tent?", "phrasings": [ "How many plants in a 2x4 tent?", "How many plants in a 4x4 tent?", "Plants per square metre", "How many plants per square metre for SOG?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "A grow tent fits about one or two trained plants in 60 x 60 cm (2 x 2 ft), two in 2 x 4 ft and two to four in 4 x 4 ft: roughly 1–4 plants per square metre. A sea of green packs 9–25 small plants per square metre. More plants raise yield per area only up to a point, and legal plant limits usually decide first.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-training-sog", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-many-plants-per-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-many-plants-per-tent.md", "qa": [ "How many plants for a sea of green?", "Is one big plant or several small ones better?", "How many autoflowers fit in a 4x4 tent?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-much-does-one-plant-yield", "question": "How much weed does one plant produce?", "phrasings": [ "Yield per plant indoors", "How many ounces per plant?", "Average yield for a first grow", "How many grams does one plant give?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "One indoor cannabis plant produces whatever its share of the canopy yields: roughly 100–500 g of dry flower per square metre of canopy in controlled trials, depending mostly on light. A single plant filling a 60 x 60 cm (2 x 2 ft) tent at moderate light gives about 40–180 g (1.5–6 oz). Per plant is a poor measure: yield follows canopy area and light, not plant count.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-first-grow-guide", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-much-does-one-plant-yield.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-much-does-one-plant-yield.md", "qa": [ "How much does an autoflower yield?", "Do more plants mean more yield?", "Does a bigger pot give more yield per plant?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-much-sun-outdoors", "question": "How much sun does outdoor cannabis need?", "phrasings": [ "How many hours of direct sun does cannabis need?", "Can cannabis grow in partial shade?", "Sunlight needs for outdoor plants", "Is 4 hours of sun enough?", "Morning sun or afternoon sun for cannabis?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Outdoor cannabis needs at least 6–8 hours of direct sun a day, and more is better: full summer sun reaches 1,500–2,000 µmol/m²/s at midday and a daily light integral of roughly 40–60 mol/m²/day on clear days. Yield rises roughly in proportion to light, so a part-shaded spot yields less, not nothing. Under about 4 hours of direct sun, expect thin, airy buds.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-much-sun-outdoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-much-sun-outdoors.md", "qa": [ "Can cannabis grow in partial shade?", "Is morning or afternoon sun better for cannabis?", "Can outdoor cannabis get too much sun?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-much-water-per-day", "question": "How much water does a cannabis plant use per day?", "phrasings": [ "How many litres does a cannabis plant drink per day?", "How much water do plants drink in flower?", "Daily water use per plant indoors", "How much water does a grow tent use?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "A cannabis plant uses roughly 50–250 mL of water a day as a seedling, 0.5–1.5 L in veg and about 1.5–2 L a day as a large flowering plant indoors. Plan the room at up to about 10 L per m² of flowering canopy per day (1 L per ft²) under strong light and heat. Nearly all of it is transpired, so light, temperature and VPD drive use.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-drooping-overwatering-vs-underwatering", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-much-water-per-day.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-much-water-per-day.md", "qa": [ "How much water does a grow tent use per day?", "Why does my plant drink more some days?", "Should I give the same amount every day?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-often-to-water", "question": "How often should I water my cannabis plants?", "phrasings": [ "How often do you water weed plants?", "How often should I water in soil?", "How many times a day do I water coco?", "Watering schedule for autoflowers", "Am I watering too much?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Water by weight, not by calendar. In soil, water when the pot feels about 40–50% lighter than just after watering, usually every 2–4 days for established plants. Coco and rockwool want watering once to several times a day with 10–30% runoff. Seedlings in big pots need small amounts around the stem. The pot's weight and the plant's size set the schedule, not the day of the week.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-drooping-overwatering-vs-underwatering", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-often-to-water.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-often-to-water.md", "qa": [ "Should I water every day?", "How much water should I give per watering?", "How do I know when my plant needs water?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-soon-after-harvest-can-i-smoke", "question": "How soon after harvest can I smoke my buds?", "phrasings": [ "Can I smoke buds right after drying?", "Can I smoke before the cure?", "How long until my weed is smokable?", "How many days after harvest can I try it?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Cannabis can be smoked once it is properly dried, usually 7–14 days after harvest, when small stems snap and a sealed sample jar reads a stable 58–65% RH. It is noticeably better after at least 2 weeks of curing, and most growers cure for 4–8 weeks. Fresh or fast-dried samples smoke harsh and grassy and don't represent how the finished crop will taste.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-drying", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-soon-after-harvest-can-i-smoke.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-soon-after-harvest-can-i-smoke.md", "qa": [ "Can I quick-dry a sample bud to try early?", "How long should I cure before smoking?", "Does weed get stronger as it cures?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-tall-do-plants-get-indoors", "question": "How tall do cannabis plants get indoors?", "phrasings": [ "How big do weed plants get?", "Plant height indoors", "Final height of a cannabis plant", "How tall will my plant be after the flip?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Indoor cannabis usually finishes about 60–150 cm (2–5 ft) tall, because the grower sets the height: a photoperiod plant grows 50–100% taller after the flip, stretchy cultivars up to 3×, so a plant flipped at 40–60 cm ends near 60–150 cm. Autoflowers usually fit a 140–160 cm tent. Outdoors, unrestricted plants reach about 1–5 m (3–16 ft).", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-life-cycle", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-tall-do-plants-get-indoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-tall-do-plants-get-indoors.md", "qa": [ "How much do plants stretch after the flip?", "How do I keep my plants short indoors?", "How tall should my grow tent be?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-adjust-ph", "question": "How do I raise or lower the pH of my water?", "phrasings": [ "How much pH down should I use?", "How do I lower pH?", "How do I raise pH?", "Why does my hydro pH keep going up?", "Does an air stone raise pH?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Lower pH with a mineral acid pH down (phosphoric, nitric or sulfuric) and raise it with potassium hydroxide or potassium silicate, after the nutrients are in. Add a few drops per 10 litres, stir, wait, re-read. In hydro, recheck after 15-30 minutes of circulation. A steady rise of 0.1-0.4 pH per day in a healthy reservoir is normal, from nitrate uptake and aeration stripping CO2.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-water-quality", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-adjust-ph.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-adjust-ph.md", "qa": [ "Why does my hydro pH keep going up?", "Does an air stone raise pH?", "Why does my pH bounce back after I add pH down?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-check-trichomes", "question": "How do I check trichomes?", "phrasings": [ "How do I use a jeweller's loupe on trichomes?", "What magnifier do I need for trichomes?", "Can I check trichomes with a phone microscope?", "Where on the bud should I look at trichomes?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Check cannabis trichomes with a 60–100× loupe or clip-on phone microscope, looking at the heads on the calyxes, not the sugar leaves. Sample a top cola, a mid-canopy bud and a lower bud, and score the share of clear, cloudy and amber heads. Start checking at the early end of the cultivar's window, counted from the flip plus the 10–14 day transition, and repeat every 2–3 days.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-trichome-ripeness", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-check-trichomes.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-check-trichomes.md", "qa": [ "What magnification do I need to see trichomes?", "Why shouldn't I check trichomes on sugar leaves?", "How often should I check trichomes?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-clone-cannabis", "question": "How do I clone a cannabis plant?", "phrasings": [ "How do I take clones?", "Cloning steps for beginners", "How to take cuttings from a cannabis plant", "Should I clone before flowering?", "Is it OK to rename a clone?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "To clone cannabis, cut an 8–15 cm (3–6 in) shoot tip with 2–3 nodes from a healthy vegetative plant, cut below a node with a clean blade, dip it in IBA rooting gel and set it in a moist plug. Keep it at 22–26 °C (72–79 °F), 75–90% RH under gentle light of 50–150 µmol/m²/s. Most cuttings root in 7–14 days.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-clone-cannabis.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-clone-cannabis.md", "qa": [ "Should I clone before flowering?", "Is it OK to rename a clone?", "Do I need to trim the leaves on a cutting?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-control-grow-smell", "question": "How do I stop my grow tent from smelling?", "phrasings": [ "How do I control weed smell from a grow?", "Odour control for an indoor grow", "Carbon filter but still smells", "How do I hide grow smell at harvest?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Stop a grow tent smelling by keeping it under negative pressure and sending all exhaust air through an activated-carbon filter rated at or above the fan's airflow. Size the fan for about one tent air exchange per minute plus 25–50 % for filter and duct losses, seal unused ports, and keep RH below about 60 %. Never use an ozone generator in an occupied home.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-airflow", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-control-grow-smell.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-control-grow-smell.md", "qa": [ "Why does my tent still smell with a carbon filter?", "Are ozone generators safe for grow smell?", "When does a grow smell the most?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-cool-a-grow-tent", "question": "How do I lower the temperature in my grow tent?", "phrasings": [ "My grow tent is too hot", "How do I cool down a grow room?", "Heat problems in my tent", "Is 30 °C too hot for cannabis?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Lower grow-tent temperature by removing the light's heat faster: more exhaust from a cooler room, drivers or ballasts outside the tent, lights dimmed 10–20 %, and lights run in the coolest hours. Aim for 24–28 °C (75–82 °F) in veg and 22–26 °C (72–79 °F) in flower. Above about 30 °C (86 °F) without added CO₂, photosynthesis falls.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-temperature-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-cool-a-grow-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-cool-a-grow-tent.md", "qa": [ "Is 30 °C (86 °F) too hot for a grow tent?", "Should I run my lights at night to keep the tent cool?", "Does a bigger exhaust fan always cool a tent?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-fix-nutrient-lockout", "question": "How do I fix nutrient lockout?", "phrasings": [ "How do I fix lockout?", "My plant is not taking up nutrients", "Should I flush for lockout?", "Deficiency even though I'm feeding", "What causes nutrient lockout?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Fix nutrient lockout by finding its cause first: most lockout is root-zone pH out of range, salt build-up or damaged roots, not true antagonism. Calibrate your meter, check runoff pH and EC, and look at the roots. If runoff EC is about 0.8-1.0 mS/cm or more above input, flush the root zone with 2-3 times the pot volume, then resume normal feeding. Correct pH gradually and stop stacking boosters.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-nutrients-nutrient-antagonism", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-fix-nutrient-lockout.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-fix-nutrient-lockout.md", "qa": [ "What is nutrient lockout?", "How do I flush for lockout?", "How long does it take a plant to recover from lockout?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-get-bigger-denser-buds", "question": "How do I get bigger, denser buds?", "phrasings": [ "How do I get dense buds?", "Tips for bigger buds", "How do I fatten up buds in late flower?", "What makes buds rock hard?" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Bigger, denser buds come mainly from more light at every bud site: 800–1,200 µmol/m²/s at canopy in flower at ambient CO₂, on an even canopy. Then keep flower days at 22–26 °C (72–79 °F), feed a complete, balanced flower diet through to harvest, and harvest ripe. Bloom boosters, pre-harvest flushing and 48-hour darkness don't help.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-get-bigger-denser-buds.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-get-bigger-denser-buds.md", "qa": [ "Do bloom boosters make buds denser?", "Does darkness before harvest make buds denser?", "Does supercropping make better buds?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-increase-yield-indoors", "question": "How can I increase my yield indoors?", "phrasings": [ "How do I increase my cannabis yield?", "Tips for more yield indoors", "How do I maximise my harvest?", "Does defoliation increase yield?", "Does higher planting density increase yield?" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Increase indoor yield with more usable light first: dry flower yield rose linearly from 116 to 519 g/m² as canopy PPFD went from 120 to 1,800 µmol/m²/s. Then fill the space with an even canopy, through training or more plants per m², give roots enough volume and water, and feed through to harvest. Defoliation doesn't raise yield; pre-harvest flushing costs it.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-increase-yield-indoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-increase-yield-indoors.md", "qa": [ "Does defoliation increase yield?", "Does higher planting density increase yield?", "Do bigger pots increase yield?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-keep-a-grow-tent-warm", "question": "How do I keep my grow tent warm in winter?", "phrasings": [ "My grow tent is too cold", "How do I heat a grow tent?", "Growing in a cold garage or basement", "Grow tent temperature drops at night" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Keep a grow tent warm in winter by keeping the light's own heat in: slow the exhaust on a thermostat, insulate the tent and floor, run the lights during the coldest hours, and only then add a thermostat-controlled heater. Hold 24–28 °C (75–82 °F) by day in veg, 22–26 °C (72–79 °F) in flower, nights 3–6 °C (5–10 °F) cooler, and the root zone at 18–22 °C (64–72 °F).", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-temperature-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-keep-a-grow-tent-warm.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-keep-a-grow-tent-warm.md", "qa": [ "What heater is safe for a grow tent?", "Should my lights be on at night in winter?", "How do I keep the roots warm in a cold grow room?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-lower-humidity-in-a-grow-tent", "question": "How do I lower the humidity in my grow tent?", "phrasings": [ "Humidity too high in my grow tent", "How do I reduce RH in a grow room?", "How can I lower humidity without a dehumidifier?", "Why does humidity spike when the lights go off?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Lower grow-tent humidity by removing the water the plants transpire: more exhaust if the room air is drier, then a dehumidifier sized to roughly the litres you irrigate per day, running through lights-off. Targets are 55–70 % RH in veg, 50–60 % in early flower and 40–50 % in late flower. Ramp temperature down slowly at lights-off and remove standing water.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-humidity-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-lower-humidity-in-a-grow-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-lower-humidity-in-a-grow-tent.md", "qa": [ "How can I lower humidity without a dehumidifier?", "What size dehumidifier for a grow tent?", "Why does humidity spike at lights-off?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-prevent-hermaphrodites", "question": "How do I stop my plants from turning hermaphrodite?", "phrasings": [ "How do I prevent herms?", "How to avoid nanners in flower", "Stop my plants hermying", "What causes cannabis to herm?" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Prevent hermaphrodites by starting with well-bred genetics first, then removing the stresses that reveal weak plants. Choose lines with a published herm rate and plant count, keep the 12-hour dark period fully light-tight, hold canopy temperature under about 30 °C (86 °F), and avoid heavy pruning or drought in flower. A herm is mainly a breeding fault: cull any plant that herms and never breed from it.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-hermaphrodites", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-prevent-hermaphrodites.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-prevent-hermaphrodites.md", "qa": [ "Can I stop a herm-prone strain from herming?", "Do feminised seeds herm more than regular seeds?", "Does stress cause hermaphrodites?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-prevent-pests-indoors", "question": "How do I prevent pests in an indoor grow?", "phrasings": [ "IPM for an indoor grow", "How do I prevent pests in a grow tent?", "How do I keep bugs out of my grow room?", "Pest prevention routine indoors", "How do I stop spider mites and thrips getting in?" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "To prevent pests in an indoor grow, stop them coming in and catch the rest early. Quarantine every new clone for 2–3 weeks, start from seed where you can, keep outdoor clothes, pets and houseplants out, and work clean rooms first. Scout leaf undersides weekly with a 10–20x lens, count sticky cards weekly, release preventive predators in veg, and clean the room between cycles.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diseases-sanitation-and-prevention", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-prevent-pests-indoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-prevent-pests-indoors.md", "qa": [ "How long should I quarantine new clones?", "Should I release predatory mites before I see pests?", "What should I check every week for pests?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-raise-humidity-in-a-grow-tent", "question": "How do I raise the humidity in my grow tent?", "phrasings": [ "Humidity too low in my grow tent", "How do I increase RH in a grow room?", "Low humidity in my grow tent: what can I do?", "How do I raise humidity for seedlings?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Raise grow-tent humidity by keeping the water your plants transpire: slow the exhaust first, then add a humidifier on a humidistat. Targets are 65–75 % RH for seedlings, 55–70 % in veg and 50–60 % in early flower. Low RH matters most for seedlings and clones; in late flower, 40–50 % is the goal, so dry air is rarely a problem then.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-humidity-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-raise-humidity-in-a-grow-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-raise-humidity-in-a-grow-tent.md", "qa": [ "How can I raise humidity without a humidifier?", "Is 30 % humidity too low for cannabis?", "Where should I put a humidifier in a grow tent?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-reveg-a-plant", "question": "How do I reveg a plant after harvest?", "phrasings": [ "How do I reveg a cannabis plant?", "Revegging after harvest", "How do I put a plant back into veg?", "How long does reveg take?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "To reveg a photoperiod cannabis plant after harvest, leave the lower branches with some leaves and small buds, put it back on 18/6 or 24/0, feed lightly and wait. Expect 2–6 weeks of rounded, single-bladed leaves before normal growth returns. Success varies: stripped, very late or autoflower plants usually fail. Clone the new shoots as soon as they look normal.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-reveg-a-plant.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-reveg-a-plant.md", "qa": [ "How long does it take to reveg a plant?", "Can you reveg an autoflower?", "Is it better to reveg or keep a clone?" ], "sources_count": 2, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-set-up-a-grow-tent", "question": "How do I set up a grow tent?", "phrasings": [ "Grow tent setup step by step", "In what order do I assemble a grow tent?", "Where do I hang the fan and carbon filter?", "How should I lay out a grow tent?" ], "topic": "equipment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Set up a grow tent in this order: check the circuit, build the frame, hang the carbon filter high with the exhaust fan pulling through it, open low intakes on the far side, hang the light level over the canopy, add a clip fan, mount power off the floor, then run the empty tent for 48 hours, logging temperature and RH, before any plant goes in.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-first-grow-guide", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-set-up-a-grow-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-set-up-a-grow-tent.md", "qa": [ "Where should the carbon filter and fan go in a tent?", "How high should I hang the light when setting up?", "Why run an empty grow tent for 48 hours?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-how-to-trim-buds", "question": "How do I trim buds?", "phrasings": [ "How do I manicure buds?", "Trimming tips for beginners", "Scissors or a trim machine?", "Should I wet trim or dry trim?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Trim cannabis by removing the big fan leaves at harvest, then snipping or brushing the sugar leaves back to the bud, either wet on harvest day or dry once small stems snap after 7–14 days. Wet versus dry trim is grower preference. Use sharp, small scissors, gloves and a tray to catch trichomes, and keep the trim for hash or edibles. Handle buds by the stem.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-drying", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-trim-buds.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/how-to-trim-buds.md", "qa": [ "Is wet trim or dry trim better?", "How much sugar leaf should I leave on?", "Should I use a trim machine?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-humidity-and-light-for-clones", "question": "What humidity and light do clones need?", "phrasings": [ "What humidity for clones in a dome?", "How much light do clones need?", "What RH for cuttings?", "Light schedule for clones" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Unrooted cannabis clones do best at 75–90% RH (a leaf VPD of about 0.2–0.5 kPa), a medium temperature of 22–26 °C (72–79 °F), and gentle light of 50–150 µmol/m²/s on 18–24 hours, a DLI of about 3–10 mol/m²/day. Once roots show, lower humidity over 3–5 days toward 65–75% and raise light toward 150–300 µmol/m²/s.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/humidity-and-light-for-clones.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/humidity-and-light-for-clones.md", "qa": [ "Do clones need light to root?", "Should clones get 24/0 light?", "What temperature do clones need?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-is-a-clone-the-same-as-its-mother", "question": "Is a clone the same sex and age as its mother?", "phrasings": [ "Is a clone the same as the mother plant?", "How old is a clone?", "Is a clone the same sex as its mother?", "Why do clones from the same mother grow differently?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "definition", "answer": "A cannabis clone is genetically the same as its mother, including her sex: every clone of a female is female. It is also physiologically mature, not a new seedling, so it can flower as soon as it gets 12/12. Apart from rare somatic mutations and carried-over pathogens such as hop latent viroid, it is the same genotype; there is zero genetic drift.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/is-a-clone-the-same-as-its-mother.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/is-a-clone-the-same-as-its-mother.md", "qa": [ "Why do clones from the same mother grow differently?", "Can a clone flower straight away?", "Do clones get weaker with every generation?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-kitchen-scraps-as-fertiliser", "question": "Do banana peels, coffee grounds or eggshells feed cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "Does banana peel water work for plants?", "Are coffee grounds good for weed?", "Do eggshells add calcium?", "Can I use kitchen scraps as fertiliser?", "Homemade fertiliser for cannabis" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "myth", "answer": "No, not in any useful way: feeding cannabis with kitchen scraps is a Myth. Banana peels hold some potassium but release it only as they rot; peel water is a trace dose. Raw coffee grounds reduced plant growth in a controlled study. Eggshells are calcium carbonate that dissolves very slowly and acts more like lime than feed. Compost the scraps first, and feed the plant properly.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-nutrients-organic-vs-mineral", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/kitchen-scraps-as-fertiliser.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/kitchen-scraps-as-fertiliser.md", "qa": [ "Does banana peel water add potassium?", "Are coffee grounds good for cannabis?", "Do eggshells add calcium to soil?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-leaves-droop-at-night", "question": "Is it normal for leaves to droop at night?", "phrasings": [ "Why do my leaves droop when the lights go off?", "Leaves drooping in the dark period", "Night droop: normal or not?", "Plant looks sad at lights-off" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Yes, cannabis leaves commonly droop or lower during the dark period and lift again within an hour or two of lights-on. Daily leaf movement is normal in many plants. Worry only if the leaves are still drooping 2 hours after lights-on, or droop during the day: then lift the pot to check for over- or underwatering, and check the roots if the pot is a normal weight.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-drooping-overwatering-vs-underwatering", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/leaves-droop-at-night.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/leaves-droop-at-night.md", "qa": [ "Why does my plant droop right after lights-off?", "How long after lights-on should leaves perk up?", "Should I water if my plant droops at night?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-led-grow-room-temperature", "question": "Should I run my room warmer with LEDs than with HPS?", "phrasings": [ "What temperature should an LED grow room be?", "Should I run warmer under LED?", "Leaf temperature under LED vs HPS", "Why are my leaves cold under LED?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Yes, run an LED room about 1–3 °C (2–5 °F) warmer than an HPS room. Under LEDs, well-watered leaves usually sit 1–3 °C below air temperature; under HPS they sit near or above it, because HPS radiates more heat onto the leaf. For a target leaf temperature of about 24–27 °C (75–81 °F), that means roughly 26–28 °C (79–82 °F) air under LED. Measure leaves with an IR thermometer.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-temperature-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/led-grow-room-temperature.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/led-grow-room-temperature.md", "qa": [ "How do I measure leaf temperature?", "Does leaf temperature change VPD under LED?", "Is 28 °C too hot under LED?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-led-vs-hps", "question": "LED or HPS: which is better for cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "LED vs HPS yield", "Is LED better than HPS for cannabis?", "HPS vs LED bud quality", "Does HPS give denser buds than LED?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "comparison", "answer": "LED versus HPS for cannabis quality and yield per photon is an open question at GenetixBay: perhaps. At equal PPFD, research shows similar yields, while LED wins clearly on running cost, about 2.5–3 µmol/J against roughly 1.7 µmol/J for HPS, and on leaf heat load. One small trial found more flower mass under HPS but higher cannabinoid concentration under LED. A Bay Trial will test it.", "evidence": "contested", "evidence_name": "Contested", "parent": "kb-environment-light-spectrum", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/led-vs-hps.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/led-vs-hps.md", "qa": [ "Does HPS give better buds than LED?", "Is LED cheaper to run than HPS?", "Do I need to change my grow room settings when switching from HPS to LED?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-light-schedule-for-seedlings", "question": "What light schedule should seedlings get?", "phrasings": [ "18/6 or 24/0 for seedlings?", "How many hours of light do seedlings need?", "Seedling light cycle", "What light schedule for autoflower seedlings?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Photoperiod and autoflower seedlings both do well on 18/6: 18 hours of light at about 150–300 µmol/m²/s, a DLI of 10–19 mol/m²/day. 24/0 is fine too, because cannabis needs no sleep period in veg; it just costs more power, so drop the intensity to keep the same DLI. Never put photoperiod seedlings on 12/12 unless you want them to flower small.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-seedling-care", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/light-schedule-for-seedlings.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/light-schedule-for-seedlings.md", "qa": [ "Is 24/0 bad for seedlings?", "How do I convert hours and PPFD to DLI?", "Do autoflower seedlings need a different schedule?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-lights-stayed-on-during-flower", "question": "What happens if my lights accidentally stay on during flower?", "phrasings": [ "My timer failed in flower: what now?", "Lights were on for 24 hours by mistake", "I missed a dark period in flower", "Will one night of light cause hermies?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "One accidental 24-hour light period in flower usually costs a photoperiod plant a day or two, not the crop. Fix the timer and return to your normal 12/12 or 13/11 straight away; no long 'make-up' darkness is needed. It matters most in the first two weeks after the flip, when induction can stall. Watch for pollen sacs for 2–3 weeks: a plant that herms from one night is herm-prone.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/lights-stayed-on-during-flower.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/lights-stayed-on-during-flower.md", "qa": [ "Should I give extra darkness after the lights stayed on?", "Will one night of light cause hermaphrodites?", "What if my lights stayed on for several days in flower?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-lumens-vs-ppfd", "question": "Why don't lumens matter for grow lights?", "phrasings": [ "Lumens vs PAR for grow lights", "How much lux do plants need?", "How many lumens per square foot for cannabis?", "Is lux the same as PPFD?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Lumens don't matter for grow lights because lumens, lux and foot-candles measure light as the human eye sees it, weighted heavily to green-yellow, while plants use photons from 400–700 nm about equally. The plant-relevant numbers are PPF (µmol/s from the fixture), PPFD (µmol/m²/s at the canopy), DLI (mol/m²/day) and efficacy (µmol/J). Lux converts to PPFD only roughly, and only for a known spectrum.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/lumens-vs-ppfd.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/lumens-vs-ppfd.md", "qa": [ "What is the difference between lux and PPFD?", "How many lumens does cannabis need?", "What do PPF, PPFD and DLI mean?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-macro-vs-micronutrients", "question": "What are macronutrients and micronutrients?", "phrasings": [ "What are macro and micro nutrients?", "Which nutrients does cannabis need?", "What are the essential elements for plants?", "What are secondary nutrients?", "Is silica a nutrient?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Macronutrients are the elements cannabis needs in large amounts: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (primary) plus calcium, magnesium and sulfur (secondary), fed at roughly 30-250 mg/L each. Micronutrients are needed in traces, under about 3 mg/L: iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, plus chloride and nickel. Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen come from air and water. Silicon is beneficial, not essential.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-nutrients-mobile-vs-immobile-nutrients", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/macro-vs-micronutrients.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/macro-vs-micronutrients.md", "qa": [ "Which nutrients are mobile and immobile?", "Are micronutrients less important than macronutrients?", "Is silica an essential nutrient for cannabis?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-measure-ppfd-without-a-par-meter", "question": "How can I measure PPFD without a PAR meter?", "phrasings": [ "Can I use a phone light meter app for PPFD?", "How do I convert lux to PPFD?", "Do I need a PAR meter?", "How do I know how much light my plants get?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Without a PAR meter, estimate PPFD from the fixture's published PPFD map at your hanging height, cross-check with watts × µmol/J ÷ canopy area, and use a phone or lux meter only for comparisons. Lux-to-PPFD conversion depends on spectrum (about 54 lux per µmol/m²/s in sunlight) and phone apps are often off by 20 % or more. Watch the top leaves to confirm.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/measure-ppfd-without-a-par-meter.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/measure-ppfd-without-a-par-meter.md", "qa": [ "How accurate are phone PPFD apps?", "How do I convert lux to PPFD?", "Is a PAR meter worth buying?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-meters-you-need-for-growing", "question": "What meters do I actually need for growing?", "phrasings": [ "What are the essential grow meters?", "Do I need a pH pen, EC meter and hygrometer?", "Do I need a PAR meter?", "Which meters are worth buying for a first grow?" ], "topic": "equipment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "For a first grow you need three meters: a pH meter calibrated with pH 7 and pH 4 buffers, an EC meter checked against a 1.413 mS/cm standard, and a thermo-hygrometer with min/max memory, salt-tested for accuracy. An IR thermometer is a cheap fourth. A PAR meter is worth it once you grow regularly. A meter you don't calibrate is worse than none.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-meter-calibration", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/meters-you-need-for-growing.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/meters-you-need-for-growing.md", "qa": [ "Do I need a pH meter for soil?", "Is a TDS meter good enough instead of an EC meter?", "How long does a pH probe last?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-mould-in-curing-jars", "question": "My buds got mouldy in the jar: what now?", "phrasings": [ "Mould in my curing jars", "Moldy buds after cure: can I save them?", "Fuzzy buds in the jar", "White fuzz on buds in jar" ], "topic": "diseases", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Mouldy buds in a curing jar must be thrown away, not trimmed and smoked. Mouldy flower carries spores and possible mycotoxins. Bin every bud with fuzz, grey dust or brown inner tissue, then open every other jar and check it. Spread the rest out to dry until a sealed sample reads a stable 55–65% RH (water activity 0.55–0.65). Jar mould usually means buds went in too wet.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-diseases-botrytis-bud-rot", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/mould-in-curing-jars.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/mould-in-curing-jars.md", "qa": [ "Can I cut the mould off and keep the rest of the bud?", "Why did my buds go mouldy in the jar?", "Are the other buds in the jar safe?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-neem-oil-in-flower", "question": "Can I use neem oil in flower?", "phrasings": [ "Is neem oil safe on buds?", "Can I spray neem during flowering?", "Neem oil in late flower", "Is neem oil safe because it's natural?", "When should I stop using neem oil?" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "myth", "answer": "No: neem oil does not belong on cannabis in flower. 'Natural, so it's safe on buds' is a myth. Neem leaves an oily, bitter residue on resin, wet buds invite bud rot, and azadirachtin (crude neem's active) is one of 96 actives Canada tests licensed cannabis for. Use neem only in veg, and stop all oil sprays before flowers form, roughly by the end of the 10–14 day transition.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-pests-spider-mites", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/neem-oil-in-flower.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/neem-oil-in-flower.md", "qa": [ "When is the last time I can spray neem oil?", "Is clarified neem oil safer in flower than crude neem?", "What can I use instead of neem in flower?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-opening-tent-during-dark-period", "question": "Can I open my tent during the dark period?", "phrasings": [ "Can I use a green light during the dark period?", "Can I check my plants at night in flower?", "Does opening the tent interrupt the dark cycle?", "How dark does a flowering tent need to be?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "You can open a flowering tent during the dark period only if the room outside is dark too, and briefly. Light in the dark period, even very dim, can delay or weaken flowering: delays have been reported from about 2 µmol/m²/s in hemp and 0.01 µmol/m²/s in sensitive cannabis. If you must work, use a dim green headlamp for a few minutes. In veg, it doesn't matter.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/opening-tent-during-dark-period.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/opening-tent-during-dark-period.md", "qa": [ "Is green light safe during the dark period?", "Will one minute of light ruin flowering?", "Does opening the tent at night cause hermaphrodites?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-order-to-mix-nutrients", "question": "In what order should I mix nutrients?", "phrasings": [ "What is the right nutrient mixing order?", "Does silica go in first?", "Part A or part B first?", "Why do I add silica first when mixing nutrients?", "When do I add Cal-Mag?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Mix nutrients into the full volume of water in this order: silica first, then Cal-Mag or part A, then part B, then any additives, stirring between each, and adjust pH last. Silica first because it is strongly alkaline (pH about 11-12). Calcium and the sulfates and phosphates in part B must meet only once diluted, or they precipitate. Then check EC against your target.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-nutrients-hydroponic-salts", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/order-to-mix-nutrients.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/order-to-mix-nutrients.md", "qa": [ "Why do I add silica first when mixing nutrients?", "Does part A or part B go in first?", "When should I add pH down?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-outdoor-short-season", "question": "How do I grow outdoors in a short northern season?", "phrasings": [ "Short-season outdoor growing", "Growing cannabis outdoors in a cold climate", "Outdoor grow in Canada or northern Europe", "What finishes before frost up north?", "Outdoor growing at 50 degrees latitude" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "To grow outdoors in a short northern season (roughly 50° latitude and above, with frost by late September or October), pick plants that finish by late September: autoflowers, or early-finishing photoperiod lines. Start indoors 3–6 weeks before last frost, harden off, plant out in early June, and use a greenhouse, hoop cover or light deprivation to dodge autumn rain. Check local rules first.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-life-cycle", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/outdoor-short-season.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/outdoor-short-season.md", "qa": [ "Why do outdoor plants finish late up north?", "Are autoflowers best for short northern seasons?", "Does a greenhouse help in a short season?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-outdoor-soil-and-pot-size", "question": "How should I prepare soil or pots for outdoor plants?", "phrasings": [ "How big a hole for an outdoor cannabis plant?", "Should I grow in the ground or in pots outdoors?", "What size container for outdoor cannabis?", "How do I amend clay soil for cannabis?", "Can I use garden soil in pots?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "For outdoor cannabis in the ground, dig a hole about 60–90 cm (2–3 ft) wide and 45–60 cm (18–24 in) deep, mix in compost and perlite or pumice, and aim for soil pH 6.0–7.0 with good drainage. In containers, use potting mix, not garden soil: about 75–380 L (20–100 US gal) for full-season photoperiods and 11–25 L (3–7 US gal) for autoflowers. Bigger holds more water.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/outdoor-soil-and-pot-size.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/outdoor-soil-and-pot-size.md", "qa": [ "Is it better to grow cannabis in the ground or in pots outdoors?", "How do I grow cannabis in clay soil?", "Can I use garden soil in containers?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-ph-before-or-after-nutrients", "question": "Should I pH my water before or after adding nutrients?", "phrasings": [ "Do I pH after adding nutrients?", "When should I pH my water?", "Should I pH first, then add nutes?", "Why does my pH meter drift?", "When should I replace my pH probe?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Adjust pH after adding nutrients. Fertiliser salts, and silica most of all, change the solution's pH, so adjusting plain water first means adjusting twice. Mix everything, stir, then bring the feed to about pH 5.5-6.2 for hydro, 5.8-6.3 for coco or 6.2-6.8 for soil. In hydro, aerate a fresh mix 30-60 minutes before the final reading. Calibrate the meter first.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-ph-nutrient-availability", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/ph-before-or-after-nutrients.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/ph-before-or-after-nutrients.md", "qa": [ "Why does my pH meter drift?", "When should I replace my pH probe?", "Should I measure pH of plain water at all?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-ph-drops-vs-ph-meter", "question": "Are pH test drops accurate enough?", "phrasings": [ "pH drops vs a pH pen: which is better?", "Is a liquid pH test kit good enough?", "Are pH strips accurate?", "Do I need a digital pH meter?", "Why don't my drops match my meter?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "comparison", "answer": "pH test drops and strips are accurate enough for soil and rough water checks, but not for hydro or coco. Colour kits read in steps of roughly 0.5 pH unit and are hard to judge in coloured nutrient solution, while hydro's working band, 5.5-6.2, is only 0.7 wide. A calibrated digital meter reads to 0.1 or better. Use drops as a backup that catches a failing meter.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-meter-calibration", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/ph-drops-vs-ph-meter.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/ph-drops-vs-ph-meter.md", "qa": [ "Are pH strips accurate for nutrient solution?", "Why don't my pH drops match my meter?", "What kind of pH meter should I buy?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-pistils-turning-brown-early", "question": "Why are my pistils turning brown early?", "phrasings": [ "Why are my hairs turning orange early?", "Pistils brown in week 4 of flower", "Early pistil browning", "Are brown pistils a sign of harvest?" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Pistils that brown early, before about week 6 of flower, have usually been pollinated, heat- or light-stressed near the lamp, handled, or are the cultivar's normal colour. They are not a harvest signal by themselves. Check the buds nearest the light (leaf temperature under about 30 °C / 86 °F), look for seeds and anthers, and judge ripeness by calyx trichomes under 60–100× magnification.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-trichome-ripeness", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/pistils-turning-brown-early.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/pistils-turning-brown-early.md", "qa": [ "Do brown pistils mean my plant was pollinated?", "Can I harvest when most pistils are brown?", "Can bud rot make pistils turn brown?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-plant-straight-into-final-pot", "question": "Can I plant seeds straight into the final pot?", "phrasings": [ "Can I direct sow into the final pot?", "Can I skip transplanting?", "Is it OK to start a seedling in a big pot?", "Should autoflowers go straight in the final pot?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes. You can plant cannabis seeds straight into the final pot, and for autoflowers it's the GenetixBay house position: sow into an 11–15 L final pot, because any setback costs an auto time. Photoperiods can be sown direct too. The catch is watering: wet only a small circle around the seedling for the first 2–3 weeks, or the big unrooted volume stays soggy.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-transplanting", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/plant-straight-into-final-pot.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/plant-straight-into-final-pot.md", "qa": [ "Should autoflowers be sown in the final pot?", "How do I water a seedling in a big pot?", "Does pot size limit yield?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-plant-too-tall-for-tent", "question": "My plant is too tall for my tent: what can I do?", "phrasings": [ "My plant is hitting the light", "My plant is too tall in flower", "I'm running out of height in my tent", "How do I lower a tall cannabis plant?" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "If your plant is too tall for the tent, bend it rather than cut it. In veg or the first two weeks of flower, supercrop or tie the tallest tops down and outward; later, bend and tie woody tops sideways. Raise or dim the light so tops get no more than about 1,200 µmol/m²/s, drop the pot off any riser, and next time flip at half the final height.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-training-lst", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/plant-too-tall-for-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/plant-too-tall-for-tent.md", "qa": [ "How close can buds be to an LED?", "Can I cut the top off a plant in flower?", "How much will my plant stretch after the flip?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-praying-leaves", "question": "Are praying leaves a good sign?", "phrasings": [ "Why are my leaves pointing up?", "What do praying leaves mean?", "Leaves raised towards the light", "Praying or heat stress?" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Praying leaves, with fan leaves angled upwards and the blades flat, usually mean a cannabis plant is well watered and getting good light. It is a good sign, but not proof of perfect health. If the leaf edges curl up into a taco near the lamp, that is heat or light stress: keep leaf temperature under about 30 °C (86 °F). Leaves often lower again at night, which is normal.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-drooping-overwatering-vs-underwatering", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/praying-leaves.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/praying-leaves.md", "qa": [ "What is the difference between praying and tacoing?", "Why do my leaves pray in the morning and drop at night?", "Do praying leaves mean my plant is happy?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-quick-drying-methods", "question": "Can I quick-dry buds in an oven, microwave or paper bag?", "phrasings": [ "How do I quick-dry weed?", "Can I microwave buds to dry them?", "Does paper bag drying work?", "Fastest way to dry buds" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "myth", "answer": "Quick-drying cannabis in an oven or microwave makes harsh, grassy flower and drives off the volatile terpenes a slow dry keeps; the idea that it is a harmless shortcut is a Myth. Paper bags are a slow method, not a fast one, and work for small amounts in a dry room if turned daily. For good flower, dry in the dark for 7–14 days at 15–21 °C and 55–62% RH.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-drying", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/quick-drying-methods.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/quick-drying-methods.md", "qa": [ "Does microwaving weed ruin it?", "Is paper bag drying good for cannabis?", "Is freeze drying a good way to dry cannabis fast?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-recovery-after-topping", "question": "How long does a plant take to recover after topping?", "phrasings": [ "How long is topping recovery time?", "Is my plant stressed after topping?", "How long after topping does it start growing again?", "When can I flip after topping?" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "A healthy cannabis plant takes about 3–7 days after topping before the two new shoots show visible regrowth, and roughly a week until they grow at equal speed. Allow 5–10 days of recovery before flipping, and do the last top at least 7–10 days before 12/12. Stressed, root-bound or very young plants recover more slowly.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-training-topping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/recovery-after-topping.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/recovery-after-topping.md", "qa": [ "Why has my plant stopped growing after topping?", "Can I top again before the plant recovers?", "How long should I wait after topping to flip to flower?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-rehydrate-over-dried-buds", "question": "How do I rehydrate over-dried buds?", "phrasings": [ "My buds are too dry: what can I do?", "How to rehydrate weed", "Over-dried, crispy buds", "Can I use a humidity pack to rehydrate?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "To rehydrate over-dried buds, seal them in a jar with a fresh, slightly moister bud for about a day, then check that the equilibrated jar reads 55–62% RH (water activity 0.55–0.62). This restores the feel, not the lost aroma: a cure never fixes a bad dry. GenetixBay doesn't recommend humidity packs, which rob terpenes, or fruit peel and lettuce, which add mould risk and off-flavours.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-curing-burping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/rehydrate-over-dried-buds.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/rehydrate-over-dried-buds.md", "qa": [ "Do humidity packs fix over-dried buds?", "Does orange peel or lettuce rehydrate buds?", "Can over-dried buds be saved?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-rooting-clones-in-water", "question": "Can I root clones in plain water?", "phrasings": [ "Can I clone in a glass of water?", "Water cloning cannabis", "Cuttings in a cup of water", "Do water roots survive in soil?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes. Cannabis cuttings can root in plain water, usually in 10–21 days, but results are less even than in a plug or aeroponic cloner. Keep the water dark, at 20–24 °C (68–75 °F), change it every 2–3 days, and add an air stone if you can. Move them to medium when roots are 2–5 cm (1–2 in) long; long water roots transplant badly.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/rooting-clones-in-water.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/rooting-clones-in-water.md", "qa": [ "Why do water-rooted clones struggle after transplanting?", "How often should I change the water for clones?", "Is an aeroponic cloner better than a glass of water?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-run-exhaust-fan-24-7", "question": "Should my exhaust fan run 24/7?", "phrasings": [ "Should the exhaust fan run all the time?", "Should I turn my fans off when the lights are off?", "Can I put my inline fan on a timer?", "Exhaust fan at night in flower" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, in most vented tents the exhaust fan should run 24/7, slowed by a temperature and humidity controller rather than switched off. Lights-off is when humidity spikes and, in flower, when smell builds, so an off fan invites bud rot and odour. Circulation fans should always run 24 hours. The exception is a sealed CO₂ room, where exhaust stays off during lights-on.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-airflow", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/run-exhaust-fan-24-7.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/run-exhaust-fan-24-7.md", "qa": [ "Can I turn the exhaust fan off at night to keep the tent warm?", "Should circulation fans run at night?", "Is a fan speed controller better than a timer?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-seed-shell-stuck-on-seedling", "question": "What do I do if the seed shell is stuck on my seedling?", "phrasings": [ "Helmet head seedling, what do I do?", "Seed husk stuck on the leaves", "How do I remove the shell from a seedling?", "Seedling can't open its leaves" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "A seed shell stuck on a cannabis seedling (helmet head) usually comes off by itself within a day or two. Mist it, keep the air humid at 65–75% RH, wait 24–48 hours, then ease it off gently only if it is still trapping the leaves. Pulling a dry shell can snap the cotyledons or stem. It is most often caused by planting too shallow or a surface that dried out.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-seedling-care", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/seed-shell-stuck-on-seedling.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/seed-shell-stuck-on-seedling.md", "qa": [ "Should I pull the seed shell off my seedling?", "Why does the seed shell get stuck?", "Will a seedling die if the shell stays on?" ], "sources_count": 2, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-seedling-leaves-yellow", "question": "Why are my seedling's leaves yellow or pale?", "phrasings": [ "Why is my seedling yellow?", "Pale seedling leaves", "Seedling cotyledons turning yellow", "Yellow seedling in coco" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Yellow or pale cannabis seedling leaves usually mean overwatering, too little light, or hunger in an inert medium. Cotyledons yellowing around days 10–14 is often normal as true leaves take over. Check the pot weight and PPFD (150–300 µmol/m²/s) first; in coco, rockwool or hydro, start a light feed at EC 0.4–0.8 mS/cm (200–400 ppm500). Soil seedlings rarely need feed before 2–3 weeks.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-germination-seedling-care", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/seedling-leaves-yellow.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/seedling-leaves-yellow.md", "qa": [ "Is it normal for cotyledons to turn yellow?", "Can overwatering make seedlings yellow?", "Should I feed a yellow seedling?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-should-i-mist-my-plants", "question": "Should I mist my plants?", "phrasings": [ "Should I spray my cannabis leaves with water?", "Is misting cannabis good?", "Does a water spray on leaves raise humidity?", "Should I mist seedlings or clones?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Don't mist established cannabis plants, and never mist buds in flower. A spray of water raises humidity for minutes, not hours, and wet leaves and buds invite powdery mildew and bud rot. Misting is useful only for unrooted clones under a dome, at 75–90 % RH. To raise humidity for growing plants, use a humidifier on a humidistat or slow the exhaust.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-environment-humidity-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/should-i-mist-my-plants.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/should-i-mist-my-plants.md", "qa": [ "Does misting raise humidity in a grow tent?", "Should I mist clones?", "Can I spray buds with water in flower?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-should-i-wash-my-buds", "question": "Should I wash my buds after harvest?", "phrasings": [ "Should I do a bud wash?", "Washing buds with hydrogen peroxide", "Rinse buds after harvest", "Can washing remove powdery mildew from buds?" ], "topic": "diseases", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Wash buds only if they are dirty, such as outdoor plants covered in dust, ash, pollen or insects. Washing doesn't rescue buds with powdery mildew or bud rot, and no study shows it removes mould. If you do wash, shake the water off at once and hang the buds in moving air so the extra water doesn't start mould. Indoor plants from a clean room don't need washing.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diseases-powdery-mildew", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/should-i-wash-my-buds.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/should-i-wash-my-buds.md", "qa": [ "Does washing buds remove powdery mildew?", "Is a hydrogen peroxide bud wash safe?", "Will washing buds wash off trichomes or terpenes?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-single-finger-leaves-reveg", "question": "Why is my plant growing single-finger leaves?", "phrasings": [ "Is my plant revegging?", "Round, single-blade leaves on my plant", "Revegging plant in flower", "Smooth leaves with no serrations" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Single-finger, rounded leaves on a cannabis plant usually mean it is revegging: switching from flowering back to vegetative growth because its nights became too short or were broken by light. Common causes are light leaks in flower, timer faults, outdoor plants put out under short spring days, and clones cut from flowering plants. Keep the dark period truly dark, below about 0.01–2 µmol/m²/s.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/single-finger-leaves-reveg.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/single-finger-leaves-reveg.md", "qa": [ "How long does revegging take?", "Why are my outdoor plants growing single-blade leaves?", "Are single-finger leaves normal on clones?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-small-white-bugs-in-soil", "question": "What are the small white bugs in my soil?", "phrasings": [ "Are these springtails?", "Tiny white bugs jumping in my soil", "Small white mites in my soil", "White bugs crawling when I water", "Are white soil bugs harmful to cannabis?" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Small white bugs in cannabis soil that jump when disturbed are almost always springtails: about 1.5 mm (1/16 in), harmless scavengers of wet, organic media. Slow, round specks are soil mites, often harmless or predatory. The ones that matter are worm-like larvae with a shiny black head (fungus gnats) and pale aphids clustered on roots (root aphids). Tip the plant out and look at the roots.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-pests-fungus-gnats", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/small-white-bugs-in-soil.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/small-white-bugs-in-soil.md", "qa": [ "Are springtails bad for cannabis?", "How do I tell springtails from root aphids?", "How do I get rid of springtails?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-start-indoors-move-outside", "question": "Can I start plants indoors and move them outside?", "phrasings": [ "Can I start inside and move outside?", "How do I harden off cannabis plants?", "Transplanting cannabis outdoors", "Will my indoor plant flower when I put it outside?", "How long to harden off seedlings?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes: starting photoperiod cannabis indoors 3–6 weeks before your last frost and moving it outside is standard practice, if you harden it off over 7–14 days. Keep it on long days indoors (18 h or more), and move it out only once natural days are about 14.5 hours or longer, or it may flower and re-veg. Autoflowers should start in the final container, which you carry outside.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-transplanting", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/start-indoors-move-outside.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/start-indoors-move-outside.md", "qa": [ "How do I harden off cannabis seedlings?", "Will my plant flower when I move it outside?", "Can I start autoflowers indoors and move them outside?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-strain-vs-cultivar", "question": "What is the difference between a strain and a cultivar?", "phrasings": [ "Strain vs cultivar", "What is a cultivar?", "Chemovar vs strain", "Why do people say cultivar instead of strain?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "A cultivar is a formal botanical term: a cultivated plant group that is distinct, uniform and stable when propagated, by seed or cuttings. A strain is the popular cannabis word, used loosely for anything from one clone to a brand name. A chemovar is a cultivar defined by its chemistry. Genetic studies show many strain names don't reliably mean one genotype.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-genetics-history-why-strain-names-are-unreliable", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/strain-vs-cultivar.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/strain-vs-cultivar.md", "qa": [ "What is a chemovar?", "Is a clone-only a cultivar?", "Is a seed strain a cultivar?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-tds-meter-vs-ec-meter", "question": "Is a TDS meter the same as an EC meter?", "phrasings": [ "TDS vs EC: what's the difference?", "Are ppm meters accurate?", "What does a TDS meter actually measure?", "Is my meter 500 or 700 scale?", "Should I use ppm or EC?" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "comparison", "answer": "Yes, essentially. A TDS or ppm meter measures electrical conductivity (EC) and multiplies it by an assumed factor: 0.5 on the 500 scale, 0.7 on the 700 scale, sometimes 0.64. So 1.0 mS/cm reads 500 ppm on one meter and 700 on another. The ppm figure is an estimate, not your nutrients' real concentration. Read and talk in EC, or always state the scale.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-ec-ppm-scales", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/tds-meter-vs-ec-meter.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/tds-meter-vs-ec-meter.md", "qa": [ "Is my meter 500 or 700 scale?", "How do I convert ppm to EC?", "Is TDS ppm the same as ppm of nitrogen on a recipe?" ], "sources_count": 2, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-thc-vs-cbd-plants", "question": "What is the difference between THC and CBD plants?", "phrasings": [ "THC vs CBD plant", "CBD strain vs THC strain", "Hemp CBD vs THC cannabis", "How is the THC to CBD ratio inherited?", "Can a 1:1 THC:CBD plant breed true?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "THC and CBD plants are the same species; the difference is which enzyme turns the shared precursor CBGA into cannabinoid acids. THC-dominant plants carry working THCA synthase, CBD-dominant plants CBDA synthase, and mixed 1:1 plants one of each. The trait is inherited as one near-codominant block, so THC x CBD gives mixed F1s and a 1:2:1 split in the F2.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-breeding-chemotype-inheritance", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/thc-vs-cbd-plants.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/thc-vs-cbd-plants.md", "qa": [ "How is the THC to CBD ratio inherited?", "Can a 1:1 THC:CBD plant breed true?", "Do CBD plants contain any THC?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-top-off-reservoir-water-or-nutrients", "question": "Should I top off my reservoir with plain water or nutrient solution?", "phrasings": [ "Should I top off with plain water?", "How do I top up my DWC reservoir?", "What EC should my reservoir top-off be?", "Top off with nutrients or just water?", "Why does my reservoir EC go up when the water level drops?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Let the reservoir's EC decide what you top off a hydro reservoir with. If EC has risen since the last check, top off with plain, pH-adjusted water; if it holds steady, top off with solution at the reservoir's current EC; if it falls, the plants are hungry, so use solution at full target strength. Without a meter, plain or quarter-strength water is the safe default. Refresh fully every 7–14 days.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-dwc", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/top-off-reservoir-water-or-nutrients.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/top-off-reservoir-water-or-nutrients.md", "qa": [ "Why does my reservoir EC rise as the water drops?", "Why does my reservoir EC keep dropping?", "How often should I change the reservoir if I top it off?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-use-regular-plant-fertiliser", "question": "Can I use regular garden fertiliser on cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "Can I use tomato fertiliser for weed?", "Is all-purpose plant food OK for cannabis?", "Can I use slow-release fertiliser on cannabis?", "Do I need special cannabis nutrients?", "Can I use lawn fertiliser?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Yes, regular garden fertiliser works on cannabis in soil, because roots take up the same ions whatever the label says. Pick a complete feed with calcium, magnesium and micronutrients, and dose by element: aim for roughly 150-200 mg/L nitrogen in veg and 30-60 mg/L phosphorus. All-purpose feeds suit veg, tomato feeds suit flower. Avoid lawn feeds with herbicides, and use fully soluble salts in hydro.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-nutrients-feed-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/use-regular-plant-fertiliser.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/use-regular-plant-fertiliser.md", "qa": [ "Is tomato feed good for cannabis in flower?", "Can I use slow-release fertiliser pellets on cannabis?", "Why shouldn't I use lawn fertiliser on cannabis?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-vinegar-or-lemon-to-lower-ph", "question": "Can I use vinegar or lemon juice to lower pH?", "phrasings": [ "Can I use vinegar as pH down?", "Does lemon juice lower pH for plants?", "Is citric acid a good pH down?", "Natural pH down for cannabis", "Homemade pH down" ], "topic": "ph-ec", "intent": "myth", "answer": "You can, but you shouldn't: the idea that vinegar or lemon juice is a fine pH down is a Myth. In a hydroponic trial, vinegar cut yields of lettuce, basil and Swiss chard, and lime juice cut basil and chard yields, while a mineral pH down held pH most steadily with the least product. Kitchen acids are weak and rebound. Use phosphoric, nitric or sulfuric acid.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-ph-ec-water-quality", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/vinegar-or-lemon-to-lower-ph.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/vinegar-or-lemon-to-lower-ph.md", "qa": [ "Why does pH go back up after adding lemon juice?", "Is citric acid OK in soil?", "What is the best pH down for cannabis?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-water-at-lights-on-or-off", "question": "Should I water when the lights come on or before they go off?", "phrasings": [ "What is the best time to water cannabis?", "Can I water at night?", "Is it bad to water at lights-off?", "Water in the morning or evening indoors?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Water cannabis soon after the lights come on, ideally within the first 1–3 hours. Plants transpire mostly in the light, so a morning watering is used during the day and the pot dries back overnight. Watering just before lights-off leaves a wet, cool pot in the dark, which slows dryback, raises humidity and favours fungus gnats and root rot. Drip-fed coco stops irrigating 2–6 hours before lights-off.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-drooping-overwatering-vs-underwatering", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/water-at-lights-on-or-off.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/water-at-lights-on-or-off.md", "qa": [ "Is it bad to water just before lights-off?", "Can I water during the dark period if my plant is wilting?", "When should the last irrigation be in coco?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-water-runs-through-or-pools", "question": "Why does water run straight through or pool on top of my pot?", "phrasings": [ "Why is water not soaking into my soil?", "Is my soil hydrophobic?", "Why is water pooling on top of my soil?", "Water runs out the bottom straight away" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Water runs straight through a pot when the mix has dried out, shrunk from the wall and turned water-repellent, so water channels down the sides and out the bottom while the root ball stays dry. Water pools on top when the surface is crusted or compacted, the mix is too fine, or drainage holes are blocked. Fix both by watering slowly in 2–3 passes or bottom-soaking for 20–30 minutes.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-drooping-overwatering-vs-underwatering", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/water-runs-through-or-pools.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/water-runs-through-or-pools.md", "qa": [ "How do I rewet bone-dry soil or coco?", "Why does water pool on my soil?", "Is it a problem if water runs straight out the bottom?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-weak-floppy-stems", "question": "Why are my stems weak and floppy?", "phrasings": [ "Why are my cannabis stems so weak?", "My plant keeps falling over", "Thin, stretchy stems on seedlings", "Branches can't hold the buds up" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Weak, floppy cannabis stems usually come from too little light, which makes plants stretch, and too little air movement, because stems thicken in response to being moved. Give seedlings and veg plants enough light, run a fan so leaves flutter gently at about 0.3–1.0 m/s, and support heavy flowering branches with a trellis or stakes. If the whole plant wilts, check the watering first.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-airflow", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/weak-floppy-stems.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/weak-floppy-stems.md", "qa": [ "Does a fan make cannabis stems stronger?", "Why are my seedlings tall and floppy?", "How do I hold up heavy buds?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-are-pistils", "question": "What are pistils?", "phrasings": [ "Pistils meaning", "White hairs on buds", "Stigmas on cannabis", "Why are my pistils turning orange?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Pistils are the female reproductive organs of cannabis flowers. The white or coloured 'hairs' growers call pistils are strictly the stigmas: each female flower has two, sticking out of its bract to catch pollen. They appear first at the nodes as preflowers, then by the hundred in buds, and darken through orange or brown with age, heat or pollination. Judge harvest by trichomes, not pistil colour.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-cannabis-plant-biology", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-are-pistils.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-are-pistils.md", "qa": [ "When do pistils first appear?", "Why are my pistils turning brown?", "Should I harvest when 70% of pistils are brown?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-are-terpenes", "question": "What are terpenes in cannabis?", "phrasings": [ "What do terpenes do?", "Terpenes meaning", "Why does weed smell?", "What are the main terpene profiles in cannabis?", "Does irradiation destroy terpenes?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Terpenes are the volatile aroma compounds cannabis makes in its glandular trichomes, alongside cannabinoids; myrcene, limonene, caryophyllene, pinene and terpinolene are common. Total terpenes average about 2% of flower weight. In nearly 90,000 US lab results, THC-dominant flower fell into three terpene groups. The 'gas' smell comes mostly from trace sulfur compounds, not terpenes. Terpenes evaporate, so drying and storage matter.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-genetics-history-why-everything-tastes-the-same", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-are-terpenes.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-are-terpenes.md", "qa": [ "What are the main terpene profiles in cannabis?", "Does irradiation destroy terpenes?", "Do terpenes change the effects of cannabis?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-can-i-spray-in-flower", "question": "What can I safely spray on plants in flower?", "phrasings": [ "What can I spray during flowering?", "Is it safe to spray buds?", "What is the last day to spray in flower?", "Can I foliar spray in flower?", "Spray for pests in late flower" ], "topic": "pests", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "On cannabis in flower, the safe default is to spray nothing on buds. Stop oils, soaps, sulfur and bicarbonates by the first 2–3 weeks of flower; after that, wet buds invite botrytis and residues stay in the product. Outdoors, Bt for small caterpillars is one of the few options, only where registered for cannabis. Otherwise rely on beneficials, removal and climate, and harvest early if needed.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diseases-sanitation-and-prevention", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-can-i-spray-in-flower.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-can-i-spray-in-flower.md", "qa": [ "When is the last day I can spray in flower?", "Can I spray Bt on buds for caterpillars?", "Can I spray plain water on buds?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-does-npk-mean", "question": "What does N-P-K mean on a fertiliser label?", "phrasings": [ "What do the NPK numbers mean?", "What is a 10-10-10 fertiliser?", "P2O5 vs P: what's the difference?", "How do I convert NPK to ppm?", "Is the middle number on the bottle phosphorus?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "definition", "answer": "N-P-K on a fertiliser label is the guaranteed percentage by weight of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P2O5) and potash (K2O). Only the N figure is the actual element. Multiply the middle number by 0.44 for elemental phosphorus and the last by 0.83 for potassium, so a 10-10-10 holds 10% N, about 4.4% P and 8.3% K. Cannabis feed targets and research use elements in mg/L, not oxides.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-nutrients-feed-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-does-npk-mean.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-does-npk-mean.md", "qa": [ "How do I convert an NPK label to ppm?", "What is a good NPK ratio for flowering cannabis?", "Why do labels use P2O5 and K2O instead of P and K?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-is-a-node", "question": "What is a node on a cannabis plant?", "phrasings": [ "What is a node?", "Nodes and internodes", "How to count nodes", "Where are the nodes on a weed plant?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "A node on a cannabis plant is the point on a stem where a leaf and its axillary bud attach; branches, flowers, preflowers and clone roots all start there. The stem between two nodes is the internode. Count nodes upward from the cotyledons, which are not counted. Topping is usually done above the 3rd to 5th node, and preflowers often appear around the 4th to 7th.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-cannabis-plant-biology", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-a-node.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-a-node.md", "qa": [ "How do I count nodes on a cannabis plant?", "What is an internode?", "Why do nodes switch from opposite to alternate?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-is-schwazzing", "question": "What is schwazzing?", "phrasings": [ "What is schwazzing defoliation?", "Should I strip all the leaves twice in flower?", "Does schwazzing increase yield?", "Day 1 and day 21 defoliation" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Schwazzing is an aggressive defoliation schedule that strips almost every fan leaf at the start of flower and again around day 21. Proponents say it pushes light into bud sites; no controlled cannabis trial shows it raises yield or cannabinoids. GenetixBay's position is tuck, don't pluck: strip within reason if you must, never on stressed plants or autoflowers.", "evidence": "contested", "evidence_name": "Contested", "parent": "kb-training-defoliation-lollipopping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-schwazzing.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-schwazzing.md", "qa": [ "Does schwazzing increase yield?", "Should I schwazz an autoflower?", "How is schwazzing different from lollipopping?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-is-super-soil", "question": "What is super soil?", "phrasings": [ "What is a super soil recipe?", "Super soil vs living soil", "Is super soil just add water?", "Can seedlings go in super soil?" ], "topic": "systems", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Super soil is a heavily amended organic soil, rich in compost, worm castings and slow-release amendments, cooked moist for weeks and meant to feed a cannabis plant through most of its life with plain water. It is usually layered: a strong layer low in the pot, milder soil on top for young roots. Many growers still top-dress in mid flower.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-living-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-super-soil.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-super-soil.md", "qa": [ "What is the difference between super soil and living soil?", "Can I plant seedlings directly in super soil?", "Do I need to pH water for super soil?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-is-thca", "question": "What is THCA?", "phrasings": [ "THCA vs THC", "Is THCA the same as THC?", "Does raw weed have THC?", "What does total THC mean on a label?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid) is the acid form of THC that the living cannabis plant actually makes and stores in its trichome heads. Fresh and dried flower is mostly THCA, not THC. Heat (smoking, vaping, baking) removes a CO2 molecule and turns THCA into THC. Labels report total THC = THC + 0.877 × THCA, so 30% THCA means about 26% total THC.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-basics-buyer-beware-label-claims", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-thca.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-is-thca.md", "qa": [ "How is total THC calculated?", "Does raw cannabis contain THC?", "Can flower really test 35% THCA?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-size-grow-tent", "question": "What size grow tent should I get?", "phrasings": [ "Should I get a 2x4 or 4x4 tent?", "What is the best grow tent size for a beginner?", "What size grow tent for 2 plants?", "How tall should my grow tent be?" ], "topic": "equipment", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "For a first grow, a 60 × 60 cm (2 × 2 ft) to 90 × 90 cm (3 × 3 ft) tent, 160–180 cm (5.3–6 ft) tall, is the forgiving choice: one to three plants and a 100–320 W LED. A 120 × 120 cm (4 × 4 ft) tent suits two to four plants and 400–650 W. Check your legal plant limit and ceiling first.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-first-grow-guide", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-size-grow-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-size-grow-tent.md", "qa": [ "Is a 2x4 or a 4x4 tent better?", "How tall should a grow tent be?", "What size tent for two plants?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-to-do-with-a-male-plant", "question": "What should I do with a male plant?", "phrasings": [ "Should I kill my male plants?", "Is it worth keeping a male plant?", "How do I use a male for pollen?", "I found a male: what now?" ], "topic": "breeding", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "A male cannabis plant must leave the flowering room before its pollen sacs open, usually within 1–2 weeks of showing, or it will seed every female. That doesn't mean binning it. Males carry half of every seed's genes, and GenetixBay encourages and rewards them. Either isolate a good male, collect and store its pollen and record it in the Stud Book, or remove it if you're not breeding.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-breeding-breeders-vs-pollen-chuckers", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-to-do-with-a-male-plant.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-to-do-with-a-male-plant.md", "qa": [ "How do I know if a male is worth keeping?", "How long can I store cannabis pollen?", "Why does GenetixBay value males?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-to-look-for-in-a-grow-light", "question": "What should I look for when buying a grow light?", "phrasings": [ "What grow light specs matter?", "What does µmol/J mean on a grow light?", "How do I choose an LED grow light?", "Which grow light specs are marketing?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "When buying a grow light, look first for efficacy above about 2.5 µmol/J, a measured PPFD map over your tent's footprint showing 600–900 µmol/m²/s average with edges at least 70–80 % of the centre, and a real wattage at the wall. Then a dimmer, a broad white spectrum, a driver you can mount outside the tent and an electrical safety certification. Ignore lumens and 'equivalent watts'.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-to-look-for-in-a-grow-light.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-to-look-for-in-a-grow-light.md", "qa": [ "What is a good µmol/J for a grow light?", "What is a PPFD map and how do I read it?", "Do I need UV or far-red in a grow light?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-what-wattage-light-for-my-tent", "question": "What wattage LED do I need for my tent?", "phrasings": [ "How many watts for a 4x4 tent?", "What LED for a 2x4 tent?", "How many watts per square foot for cannabis?", "What light size for a 3x3 tent?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "For flower, plan on roughly 25–40 W of efficient LED (2.5–3.0 µmol/J) per square foot, about 270–430 W/m², which gives an average of about 600–900 µmol/m²/s. That's 100–150 W for a 2 × 2 ft tent, 225–320 W for 3 × 3, 200–300 W for 2 × 4 and 400–650 W for 4 × 4. Experienced growers pushing 1,000–1,200 µmol/m²/s need about 35–50 W/ft².", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-wattage-light-for-my-tent.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/what-wattage-light-for-my-tent.md", "qa": [ "How many watts do I need for a 4x4 tent?", "Can I use a bigger light dimmed down?", "Do watts matter or only µmol/J?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-do-autoflowers-start-flowering", "question": "When do autoflowers start flowering?", "phrasings": [ "When do autos show pistils?", "Autoflower preflower week", "How many weeks until autos flower?", "When does cannabis start flowering?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Autoflowers usually start flowering about 3–5 weeks after sprouting, with white pistils at the main tip around day 21–35, whatever the light schedule. Preflowers at the nodes often appear a few days earlier, in week 4. Photoperiod plants are different: they flower only after long nights begin, with pistil clusters about 10–14 days after the switch to 12/12.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-autoflowers-start-flowering.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-autoflowers-start-flowering.md", "qa": [ "Why hasn't my autoflower started flowering?", "When does a photoperiod plant start flowering?", "Are preflowers the start of flowering on an auto?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-do-buds-grow-the-most", "question": "In which weeks of flower do buds grow the most?", "phrasings": [ "When is the bulking phase in flower?", "When do buds fatten up?", "Which week do buds grow the most?", "Do buds keep growing in the last weeks?" ], "topic": "environment", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Cannabis buds put on most of their mass from roughly week 3 to week 7 of flower, counted from the first pistil clusters, and keep gaining weight and resin right through the final weeks. In one controlled trial, inflorescence dry weight kept increasing at every harvest from week 5 to week 11. That is why the last weeks need full light and feed: taper nitrogen, don't flush.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-flip-to-flower-transition", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-buds-grow-the-most.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-buds-grow-the-most.md", "qa": [ "Do buds still grow in the last two weeks?", "When does the stretch stop and bulking start?", "How do I get buds to bulk up more?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-do-outdoor-plants-flower", "question": "When do outdoor plants start flowering?", "phrasings": [ "Outdoor flowering time", "When do outdoor plants start to bud?", "Do outdoor plants flower in August?", "When does outdoor cannabis flower in the southern hemisphere?", "Why is my outdoor plant flowering in June?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Outdoor photoperiod cannabis starts flowering when days shorten past its cultivar's threshold, often around 14–14.5 hours of daylight. At 35–50° latitude that is usually late July to mid-August in the Northern Hemisphere and late January to mid-February in the Southern. Plants show pistils over the next 10–14 days. Higher latitudes cross the threshold later; near the tropics plants can flower almost any time.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-outdoor-plants-flower.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-outdoor-plants-flower.md", "qa": [ "Why is my outdoor plant flowering in June?", "Do streetlights stop outdoor plants flowering?", "Can I make outdoor plants flower earlier?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-do-plants-show-sex", "question": "When do cannabis plants show their sex?", "phrasings": [ "When can you tell if a plant is male?", "How long until preflowers show?", "When do preflowers appear?", "How to sex cannabis plants early" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Cannabis plants usually show their sex about 4–6 weeks from seed under long days, when single preflowers form at the nodes; research found the first pair around the 7th node. You need a 30–60x loupe. Males often show first. For an earlier answer, flower a cutting on 12/12 (about 1–2 weeks) or use a DNA sex test from the first true leaves.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-basics-sex-male-female-hermaphrodite", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-plants-show-sex.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-do-plants-show-sex.md", "qa": [ "What does a female preflower look like?", "Do I need to flip to 12/12 to see sex?", "Can a DNA test tell sex from a seedling?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-does-soil-run-out-of-nutrients", "question": "When does pre-fertilised soil run out of nutrients?", "phrasings": [ "When should I start feeding in soil?", "How long does potting soil feed a plant?", "How long do soil nutrients last?", "My lower leaves are yellowing in new soil", "Do I need nutrients with pre-fertilised soil?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "A typical pre-fertilised bagged potting mix feeds cannabis for about 2-4 weeks, then runs short, usually in mid-veg. Heavily amended or super-soil-style mixes and big pots last longer. The sign is the oldest, lowest leaves turning pale yellow from the tip inward and climbing, which is nitrogen running out. Then start feeding at half the label rate, around EC 0.8-1.6 mS/cm, every second or third watering.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-systems-soil", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-does-soil-run-out-of-nutrients.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-does-soil-run-out-of-nutrients.md", "qa": [ "How do I know when my soil is running out of nutrients?", "Should I feed seedlings in fertilised soil?", "Do bigger pots hold nutrients longer?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-to-flip-to-flower", "question": "When should I flip my plants to flower?", "phrasings": [ "When should I switch to 12/12?", "When should I flip?", "How big should my plant be before flowering?", "When to flip photoperiod plants", "How tall should plants be at the flip?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Flip a photoperiod plant to 12/12 (or 13/11) when it is about half the final height your space allows, because most plants grow 50–100% taller, sometimes up to 3×, in the first two to three weeks after the flip. The plant must also be mature, showing preflowers at the nodes. The flip is not day 1 of flower: real flowering starts about 10–14 days later.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-flip-to-flower-transition", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-flip-to-flower.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-flip-to-flower.md", "qa": [ "Is the flip day 1 of flower?", "Should I wait for preflowers before flipping?", "Can I flip on 13/11 instead of 12/12?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-to-harvest-outdoors", "question": "When is outdoor cannabis ready to harvest?", "phrasings": [ "Outdoor harvest time", "Is October harvest normal for outdoor cannabis?", "Outdoor finish date", "When to harvest outdoor plants in the southern hemisphere", "Should I harvest early because of rain or frost?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Outdoor cannabis is ready when its trichomes are mostly cloudy with some amber (roughly 5–20%), which at 35–50° latitude usually falls between mid-September and late October in the Northern Hemisphere and between March and April in the Southern. Early cultivars finish first; late tropical lines run into November or May. Weather can overrule the trichomes: harvest ahead of long rain spells or a hard freeze.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-trichome-ripeness", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-harvest-outdoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-harvest-outdoors.md", "qa": [ "Should I harvest early because of rain?", "Will frost kill my outdoor plants before harvest?", "Should I flush or put outdoor plants in darkness before harvest?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-to-plant-outdoors", "question": "When should I plant cannabis outdoors?", "phrasings": [ "Outdoor planting date for cannabis", "When can I put my plants outside?", "Should I plant after the last frost?", "When to plant cannabis outdoors in the southern hemisphere", "Is April too early to plant outside?" ], "topic": "outdoor", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Plant cannabis outdoors after your last frost, once nights stay above about 10 °C (50 °F). At mid-latitudes (35–50°) that is usually mid-May to mid-June in the Northern Hemisphere and mid-November to mid-December in the Southern. Planting photoperiods much earlier, while days are under about 14 hours, risks early flowering and re-veg. Autoflowers can go out any time with 9–14 warm weeks left.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-life-cycle", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-plant-outdoors.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-plant-outdoors.md", "qa": [ "Why do plants flower if I put them out too early?", "When should I plant outdoors in the southern hemisphere?", "When should I plant outdoors near the tropics?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-to-stop-feeding-before-harvest", "question": "When should I stop feeding before harvest?", "phrasings": [ "When do I stop nutrients before harvest?", "When is the last feed before the chop?", "Should I feed right up until harvest?", "How many weeks should I flush before harvest?", "Do I need to stop nutrients to get white ash?" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Don't stop feeding before harvest. Stopping nutrients or flushing with plain water in the last 1-3 weeks is a harmful Myth: the plant is still packing on weight and resin. Feed through to the chop at stage strength. The GenetixBay approach is to taper only nitrogen over the last 3-4 weeks, down to 0-20 mg/L in the final days, while keeping P, K, Ca, Mg, S and micros fed.", "evidence": "myth", "evidence_name": "Myth", "parent": "kb-nutrients-per-element-tricks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-stop-feeding-before-harvest.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-stop-feeding-before-harvest.md", "qa": [ "Does flushing before harvest improve taste?", "How do I taper nitrogen before harvest?", "Is there ever a good reason to flush?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-to-stop-training", "question": "When should I stop training my plants?", "phrasings": [ "When should I stop LST in flower?", "Can I train during the stretch?", "What is the last day to top before flowering?", "Can I LST in flower?", "When to stop supercropping" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Stop training cannabis by technique. Do the last topping at least 7–10 days before the flip to 12/12. Finish hard LST bending and supercropping by flower week 2–3, when stems lignify at the end of the stretch. Keep tucking under a net for about the first 2 weeks of stretch. After that, only gentle guiding and support.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-training-lst", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-stop-training.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-stop-training.md", "qa": [ "Can I LST in flower?", "Can I top in flower?", "Can I supercrop during the stretch?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-when-to-transplant-clones", "question": "When are rooted clones ready to transplant?", "phrasings": [ "When do I transplant clones?", "How long should clone roots be before transplanting?", "When can I up-pot clones?", "How can I back up a clone?" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "numbers", "answer": "Rooted cannabis clones are ready to transplant when several white roots, about 2–5 cm (1–2 in) long, are poking out of the sides or base of the plug, usually 10–14 days after cutting. Harden them off from the dome over 3–5 days first. Move them into a 0.5–3 L pot of pre-moistened medium at the same pH and keep light gentle for a few days.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-transplant-clones.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/when-to-transplant-clones.md", "qa": [ "How can I back up a clone?", "Can I transplant a clone with only one root?", "What size pot should rooted clones go into?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-which-nutrients-to-buy", "question": "Which nutrients do I actually need for a first grow?", "phrasings": [ "What is a basic nutrient line for beginners?", "What nutrients should I buy?", "Do I need all the additives?", "Do I need bloom boosters?", "Minimum nutrients for growing cannabis" ], "topic": "nutrients", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "For a first grow you need one complete base nutrient made for your medium (soil, or a two-part A and B for coco and hydro), Cal-Mag only if you use RO or soft water or coco, a pH down, and a pH and EC meter. Boosters, sugars and most additives are optional: cannabis trials found no yield gain above about 30-60 mg/L phosphorus or from doubling feed strength.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-nutrients-feed-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/which-nutrients-to-buy.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/which-nutrients-to-buy.md", "qa": [ "Do I need bloom boosters?", "Do I need Cal-Mag?", "Do I need molasses or sugar additives?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-which-way-up-to-plant-a-seed", "question": "Which way up do I plant a germinated seed?", "phrasings": [ "Taproot down or up?", "I planted my seed upside down, is it ruined?", "How do I plant a sprouted seed?", "How deep do I plant a germinated seed?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "how-to", "answer": "Plant a germinated cannabis seed taproot (radicle) pointing down, 0.5–1.5 cm (¼–½ in) deep, in moist, light mix. Move it once the taproot is about 0.5–2 cm long, before it gets long and brittle. If you get it wrong, don't dig it up: the root turns down by itself. Handling and breaking the taproot does more harm than planting it sideways.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-germination-germination-methods", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/which-way-up-to-plant-a-seed.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/which-way-up-to-plant-a-seed.md", "qa": [ "What if I planted my seed upside down?", "How long should the taproot be before planting?", "Should the seed be covered completely?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-white-fuzz-on-soil", "question": "What is the white fuzz on top of my soil?", "phrasings": [ "White mould on top of my soil", "Fungus growing on the soil surface", "Is mycelium in my pot bad?", "White crust on top of the pot" ], "topic": "diseases", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "White fuzz on top of cannabis soil is usually harmless fungal growth (mycelium) feeding on organic matter in a surface that stays wet. It rarely harms the plant, but it means you water too often or the air is too still, and wet surfaces breed fungus gnats. Let the top 3–5 cm dry between waterings and move air over the pots. A hard, crunchy white crust is salt, not fungus.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-diseases-sanitation-and-prevention", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/white-fuzz-on-soil.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/white-fuzz-on-soil.md", "qa": [ "Is white mould on soil harmful to cannabis?", "How do I tell fungus from salt crust on my pot?", "Is white fuzz in living soil a good sign?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-whole-plant-pale-green", "question": "Why is my whole plant pale or light green?", "phrasings": [ "Why is my cannabis plant pale?", "Light green leaves all over the plant", "Plant losing its colour", "Whole plant lime green, not yellow" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "A cannabis plant that is pale all over is usually short of nitrogen, or has roots that can't take nitrogen up because they are overwatered, cold or at the wrong pH. Check the root zone first: pH 6.0–7.0 in soil, 5.5–6.5 in coco and hydro, and roots at about 20 °C (68 °F). Then raise nitrogen modestly, by 10–20%. Some cultivars are naturally lime green.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-yellowing-lower-leaves", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/whole-plant-pale-green.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/whole-plant-pale-green.md", "qa": [ "Is a pale cannabis plant a nitrogen deficiency?", "Why is my plant pale after transplanting?", "Can too much light make a plant pale?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-are-my-buds-airy", "question": "Why are my buds airy or larfy?", "phrasings": [ "Why are my buds airy?", "Why are my buds fluffy and not dense?", "How do I stop larf?", "Why do I get popcorn buds at the bottom?" ], "topic": "training", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Airy, larfy buds are usually buds that got too little light: lower and inner sites often receive a fraction of the canopy-top PPFD, well below the 800–1,200 µmol/m²/s flower target. Other causes are heat above about 30 °C (86 °F), harvesting too early, root-zone or feeding problems, and cultivars that naturally make loose flowers. Check light at the bud, not the top.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-environment-ppfd-dli-by-stage", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-are-my-buds-airy.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-are-my-buds-airy.md", "qa": [ "Why are only my lower buds airy?", "Why are my top buds airy and spiky?", "Do indica strains make denser buds than sativas?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-are-my-clones-wilting", "question": "Why are my clones wilting?", "phrasings": [ "Clones drooping", "My cuttings are dying", "Clones turning yellow", "Clones wilted after I removed the dome" ], "topic": "cloning", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Cannabis clones wilt because they have no roots to replace the water their leaves lose. Some droop on day 1–2 is normal; lasting wilt means humidity is too low (aim 75–90% RH), light or heat too strong (keep 50–150 µmol/m²/s), or the stem rotting in a soggy plug. Yellowing after a week is usually the cutting using its stored reserves, not a disaster.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-breeding-clone-only-preservation", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-are-my-clones-wilting.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-are-my-clones-wilting.md", "qa": [ "Is it normal for clones to droop the first day?", "Why are my clones turning yellow?", "Why did my clones wilt when I took the dome off?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-are-there-seeds-in-my-buds", "question": "Why are there seeds in my buds?", "phrasings": [ "Why did I find seeds in my bud?", "Seeds in buds but I had no male", "Why are my buds seeded?", "Can a female make seeds on her own?" ], "topic": "diagnosis", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Seeds in cannabis buds mean the flowers were pollinated, usually weeks before harvest. With no male in the room, the usual source is a hermaphrodite: a female growing anthers, often hidden inside the buds. Herm-prone plants are mainly the result of poor breeding, and stress reveals them. Find the source, cull the herm, and don't grow the seeds: they carry the same tendency.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-diagnosis-hermaphrodites", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-are-there-seeds-in-my-buds.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-are-there-seeds-in-my-buds.md", "qa": [ "Can a female plant make seeds without a male?", "Should I plant seeds I found in my buds?", "How many seeds does a pollinated bud make?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-flowering-needs-darkness", "question": "Why do photoperiod plants need long nights to flower?", "phrasings": [ "Why 12/12?", "Phytochrome and flowering", "Night length and flowering", "Does cannabis measure day or night?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "definition", "answer": "Photoperiod cannabis is a short-day plant: it measures the uninterrupted night with phytochrome, a light-sensing pigment, and flowers once the night passes a cultivar-specific critical length, around 10–11 hours of darkness in drug-type cultivars tested. 12/12 works for essentially all cultivars; 13/11 also works for many. Light during the night, even very dim, resets the count and can delay flowering in sensitive cultivars.", "evidence": "established", "evidence_name": "Established", "parent": "kb-environment-photoperiod-light-leaks", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-flowering-needs-darkness.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-flowering-needs-darkness.md", "qa": [ "How does phytochrome control flowering?", "Does cannabis need a dark period in veg?", "Why do outdoor plants flower in late summer?" ], "sources_count": 5, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-is-my-autoflower-small", "question": "Why is my autoflower so small?", "phrasings": [ "Stunted autoflower", "My auto finished tiny", "Autoflower not growing big", "Why did my auto stop growing?" ], "topic": "basics", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "An autoflower ends up small when something slows it in the first 3–5 weeks, before it starts flowering by age. The usual causes are overwatering a seedling in a big wet pot, transplant shock, a small pot, topping, weak light under about 300–600 µmol/m²/s, or hunger and pH problems. The auto keeps its countdown regardless, so the lost growth never comes back.", "evidence": "grower_practice", "evidence_name": "Grower practice", "parent": "kb-basics-photoperiod-vs-autoflower", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-is-my-autoflower-small.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-is-my-autoflower-small.md", "qa": [ "Can a stunted autoflower recover?", "Does topping make autoflowers smaller?", "How big should an autoflower get?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-is-my-seedling-drooping", "question": "Why is my seedling drooping?", "phrasings": [ "Droopy seedling", "Seedling leaves drooping down", "Why is my seedling wilting?", "Seedling fell over at the base" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "A drooping cannabis seedling is most often overwatered: a big pot or soggy plug leaves its tiny roots short of oxygen. Less often it is dry, hot or under a light that is too strong. If the stem is pinched and brown at the soil line, it is damping-off and can't be saved. Water small amounts around the stem only when the pot lightens, at 23–27 °C (73–81 °F).", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-germination-seedling-care", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-is-my-seedling-drooping.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-is-my-seedling-drooping.md", "qa": [ "How do I tell overwatering from underwatering in seedlings?", "Why did my seedling fall over at the base?", "Can too much light make a seedling droop?" ], "sources_count": 3, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-is-my-weed-harsh", "question": "Why is my homegrown weed harsh?", "phrasings": [ "Why is my homegrown smoke so harsh?", "Homegrown makes me cough", "Harsh buds: did I not flush?", "How do I make my bud smoother?" ], "topic": "harvest-cure", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Homegrown cannabis is usually harsh because it was dried too fast, over-dried, or smoked before a proper cure, not because it wasn't flushed. Flushing is a Myth that costs yield and resin. Dry slowly for 7–14 days at 15–21 °C (60–70 °F) and 55–62% RH, then cure for at least 2 weeks, with water activity falling slowly from about 0.62–0.65 towards 0.55–0.58.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-harvest-cure-curing-burping", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-is-my-weed-harsh.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-is-my-weed-harsh.md", "qa": [ "Will flushing make my weed smoother?", "Does a longer cure make smoke smoother?", "Can wet buds be harsh?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" }, { "id": "kb-answers-why-wont-my-seeds-germinate", "question": "Why won't my seeds germinate?", "phrasings": [ "Why are my seeds not germinating?", "Seeds not sprouting after a week", "No taproot after 5 days", "My seed didn't pop, what went wrong?", "Why won't my cannabis seeds crack?" ], "topic": "germination", "intent": "troubleshooting", "answer": "Cannabis seeds usually fail to germinate because they are too cold, too wet, too dry or old. Fresh seed shows a taproot in 1–5 days at 22–27 °C (72–81 °F); old seed can take up to 10 days. Below about 18 °C (64 °F) germination slows sharply, and soaking longer than 24 hours or a sopping towel can drown the seed. Old seed may still sprout in 1% hydrogen peroxide.", "evidence": "supported", "evidence_name": "Supported", "parent": "kb-germination-germination-methods", "url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-wont-my-seeds-germinate.html", "markdown_url": "https://genetixbay.com/knowledge/answers/why-wont-my-seeds-germinate.md", "qa": [ "How long should I wait before giving up on a seed?", "Can a seed rot from too much water?", "Can I rescue old seeds that won't sprout?" ], "sources_count": 4, "reviewed": "draft", "updated": "2026-10-31" } ] }